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Ch11

Ch 11 review questions

QuestionAnswer
What are the three main functions of the nervous system? Sensory input, Integration, and Motor output
What comprises the central (CNS) and peripheral (PNS) nervous systems? What are the two functional divisions of the peripheral nervous system? What are the two main parts of the motor division? 2
What are supporting cells and their overall functions? Know the six types of neuroglia and what they do. 3
What is the nerve cell body, what comprises it, and what are the processes that extend from it? What is a ganglion? 4
Give the general structure of the axon. What are the branches called and where might you find them? 5
What is the myelin sheath and who makes them? How does the sheath differ in the PNS vs. the CNS? What is the neurilemma? Do both the PNS and CNS have them? 6
What are the nodes of Ranvier? Do unmyelinated axons have them? Do the PNS and CNS have unmyelinated axons? 7
What are the major regions of the spinal cord? What are these regions made of? 8
Give the basic functional and structural classification of neurons. Where might you find these classes of neurons. I give examples in the notes (big hint) Functions: (in plasma membrane) electical signaling and cell to cell signaling during development. (aka types of communication) Structure: composed of body, axon, and dendrites.
What are action potentials? What are the types of ion channels and how do they work? What happens when gated channels open? a brief reversal of membrane potential with a total amplitude of 100 mV. ION CHANNELS: sodium and potassium.
What is an electrochemical gradient? What is the resting membrane potential and what generates it? 11
What causes changes in membrane potential? What is the difference between a graded potential and an action potential? 12
Be able to label and identify what happens on steps 1-4. Don't forget to learn what is happening with the gates. 13
What happens during propagation? What are threshold and a subthreshold stimuli? What do they produce? 14
What are the absolute and relative refractory periods? 15
What controls the conduction velocities of axons? What is saltatory conduction? 16
What is multiple sclerosis? What type of symptoms might you observe? 17
What is a synapse? What are the different types of synapses and how do they differ from each other? 18
What is the difference between a chemical and electrical synapse? What is a synaptic cleft? What terminates the neurotransmitter effect? 19
Why is there a synaptic delay? What are the two types of postsynaptic potentials? Is an action potential produced immediately adjacent to the synapse or does it begin at the axon hillock? 20
What is the difference between temporal and spatial summation? 21
What are the basic classes of neurotransmitters? Give three novel messengers 22
What is the excitatory neurotransmitter for muscles? 23
What is the difference between a direct and indirect neurotransmitter? 24
Created by: Chanellenae
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