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ALH Chapter 8

Circulatory System

TermDefinition
Leaflet flat, leaf-shaped structure that comprises the valves of the heart and prevents backflow of blood
lumen space within an artery, vein, intestine or tube
3 layers of an artery tunica externa, tunica media, and tunica intima
tunica externa outer coat. composed of connective tissue that provides strength and flexibility
tunica media middle layer. smooth muscle. can alter size of lumen
tunica intima thin, inner lining of the lumen of the vessel. endothelial cells. provide smooth surface
3 tissue layers of the heart endocardium, myocardium, epicardium
endocardium membrane that lines 4 chambers and valves
myocardium muscular layer of heart
epicardium outermost layer
pathway of blood superior/inferior vena cava, right atrium, AV/tricuspid valve, right ventrical, SV valve, pulmonary artery, lungs, left atrium, AV/mitral valve, left ventricle, aorta, body
sinoatrial node pacemaker
pathway of heartbeat sinoatrial node, atrioventricular node, atria contracts, bundle of His (AV bundle), Purkinje fibers, ventricles
P wave contraction of atria
T wave recovery of ventricles
QRS complex contraction of ventricle
systole contraction
diastole relaxation
Blood pressure S/D
aneurysm widened blood vessel
angi vessel
vascul vessel
arther fatty plaque
embol plug
hemangi blood vessel
phleb vein
sphygm pulse
sten narrowing
thromb blood clot
vas vessel
-stenosis narrowing
-rrhexis rupture
syncope loss of conciousness
infarct localized tissue death
endarterectomy removal of plaque
ischemia blockage of circulation that causes localized tissue anemia
diaphoresis profuse sweating
two types of angioplasty percutaneous transluminal coronary engioplasty (PTCA) and coronary artery bypass graft (CABG)
endocarditis inflammation of the inner lining of the heart and its valves
varicose veins enlarged, engorged, twisted and superficial. Valves dont function properly and fail to prevent backflow
myxoma heart tumor. muscous connective tissue usually left atrium
fibrillation abnormally rapid, uncoordinated quivering of myocardium
heart block interference with normal transmission of electric impulses from SA node to Purkinje fibers
bruit heart murmur
cardiomyopathy disease/weakening of heart muscle that diminishes cardiac function
coarctation narrowing of a vessel especially the aorta
hypertension high blood pressure
hypotension low blood pressure
mitral valve prolapse mitral valve prolapses into left atrium during ventricular contraction==> backflow of blood
thrombosis blood clot develops in a vessel and obstructs blood flow
deep vein thrombosis blood clot develops in deep veins of body (legs and thighs)
cardioversion defibrillation, low energy shocks. synced with large R waves
sclerotherapy injection of chemical irritant into vein to produce inflammation and fibrosis that destroys the lumen of the vein
angioplasty reopening narrowed blood vessels
catheter ablation treatment for cardiac arrythmias
commissurotomy surgical separation of leaflets of mitral valve which have fused together
AICD insertion battery powered device. corrects ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation
valvotomy incision of a valve to increase the size of the opening. used to treat mitral stenosis (narrowing)
cardiac catheterization catheter into heart to evaluate it
electrophysiology study maps heart's conduction system
multiple-gated acquisition scan (MUGA) detects how well heart walls move as they contract and calculates ejection rate
nuclear perfusion study detects presence of CAD
Created by: Gianna B
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