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ANAT & PHYS I: LYMPH
ANAT & PHYS I: THE LYMPHATIC SYSTEM
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Include microscopic, permeable, blind-ended capillaries, Lymphatic collecting vessels AND Trunks and ducts | Lymphatic Vessels |
| Similar to blood capillaries, with modifications: Very permeable Loosely joined endothelial minivalves Withstand interstitial pressure and remain open. | Lymphatic Capillaries |
| specialized lymph capillaries present inintestinal mucosa | Lacteals |
| drains the right upper armand the right side of the head and thorax | Right lymphatic duct |
| arises from the cisterna chyli anddrains the rest of the body | Thoracic duct |
| The lymphatic system lacks a | pumping organ |
| Uses the same methods as veins to propel lymph: Contractions of smooth muscle in the walls of the lymphatics | Lymph Transport |
| Manage the immune response Attack and destroy foreign cells. | T cells |
| Produce plasma cells, which secrete antibodiesAntibodies immobilize antigens. | B cells |
| phagocytize foreign substances andhelp activate T cells | Macrophages |
| spiny-looking cells with functions similar to macrophages | Dendritic cells |
| fibroblast–like cells that produce astroma, or network, that supports other cell types in lymphoid organs | Reticular cells |
| Two basic functions:Filtration – macrophages destroy microorganisms and debrisImmune system activation – monitor for antigens and mount an attack against them | Lymph Nodes |
| extended inward from the capsule anddivide the node into compartments | Trabeculae |
| Nodes have two histologically distinct regions: a | cortex and a medulla |
| Medullary cords extend from the cortex and contain | B cells, T cells, and plasma cells |
| Throughout the node are lymph sinuses crisscrossed by | reticular fibers |
| reside on reticular fibers and phagocytizeforeign matter | Macrophages |
| afferent lymphatic vessels | Lymph enters via |
| Largest lymphoid organ, Immune surveillance and response, Cleanses the blood | Spleen |
| The Spleen: Site of fetal | erythrocyte production |
| Which area of the Spleen: containing mostly lymphocytes suspended on reticular fibers and involved in immune functions | White pulp |
| Which area of the Spleen: remaining splenic tissue concerned with disposing of worn-out RBCs and bloodbornepathogens | RED PULP |
| A bilobed organ that secretes hormones (thymosinand thymopoietin) that cause T lymphocytes tobecome immunocompetent | Thymus |
| contains fewer lymphocytes and thymic(Hassall’s) corpuscles (thymus) | MEDULLA |
| contains densely packed lymphocytes andscattered macrophages (THYMUS) | CORTEX |
| The THYMUS functions strictly in | T lymphocyte maturation |
| The thymus does not directly fight | antigens |
| The stroma of the thymus consists of star-shaped | epithelial cells |
| isolated clusters of lymphoid tissue, similar to tonsils, Destroy bacteria, preventing them from breaching the intestinal wall | Peyer’s patches |
| protects the digestive and respiratory systems from foreign matter | MALT – mucosa associated lymphatic tissue |
| Generate “memory” lymphocytes for long-term immunity. Aggregates of lymphoid nodules located in the wall of the ileum. | Peyer's patches |
| site of T cell maturation | Thymus |
| This structure attached to the cecum is in an ideal place to destroy bacteria before it migrates into the large intestine | appendix |
| What lymphatic structure absorbs excess tissue fluid? | capillary |
| What lymphatic structure absorbs lipids in the intestine? | lacteal |
| What lymphatic structure forms from the merging of the intestinal and lumbar trunks? | cisterna chyli |
| What lymphatic structures trap bacteria in the posterior oral mucosa? | palatine tonsils |
| Which sequence best describes the flow of lymph through the lymphatic system? | Capillaries - vessels - trunks - ducts |
| It drains the lymph from the entire left side of the body and the right abdomen and leg Hint: drains its lymph at the junction of the left internal jugular and subclavian veins. | thoracic duct |
| The lymphoid organs, located in the throat, that defend against invading bacteria coming in through the mouth and nose are | tonsils |
| line the sinuses, they process foreign material passing through the sinuses. | Macrophages |
| A bilobed organ that secrets hormones (thymosin and thymopoietin) that cause T lymphocytes to become immunocompetent | Thymus |
| tonsils – either side of the posterior end of the oral cavity | Palatine |
| tonsils that lie at the base of the tongue | Lingual |
| tonsil at the posterior wall of the nasopharynx | Pharyngeal |
| tonsils that surrounds the openings of the auditory tubes into the pharynx | Tubal |
| ____ _____ _____ lacks an organ that acts as a pump | The lymphatic system |
| Antigen are anything the body perceives as | foreign |
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ascpstudent100
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