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Bone Structure
Chapter 7
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is compact bone? | dense connective tissue that white, smooth, and soild |
| What is spongy bone? | internal to compact bone and porous |
| Where is hyaline cartilage? | attaches to ribs to sternum, covers the ends of some bones, and cartilage within growth plates. |
| What is fibrocartilage? | weight bearing cartilage that withstands compression. |
| Where is fibrocartilage? | interverebrak discs, pubic symphysis, knee joints |
| What is hemopoiesis? | The process of blood cell production |
| Where does hemopesis occur? | Red bone marrow connective tissue |
| What is stored within the bone? | minerals, calcium, and phosphate |
| What is a long bone? | Greater in length than width, elongated cylindrical shaft. |
| What is the most common bone shape? | Long bones |
| Where are long bones found? | Upper limbs, lower limbs, |
| What is the shaft of a long bone called? | diaphysis |
| The hollow space within the diaphysis is called? | medullary |
| What is contained in the medullary? | Red bone marrow in childern, yellow bone marrow in adults |
| What is the epiphysis? | The expanded knobby region at the end of each long bone |
| What is the proximal epiphysis? | End of the bone closet to the trunk |
| What is the distal epiphysis? | End of the bone farthest from the trunk |
| What is the epiphysis covered in? | articular cartilage |
| What is the metaphysis? | the mature region of the bone between the diaphysis and epiphysis |
| What are the four types of cells found in bone connnective tissue? | osteoprogenitor, osteoblasts, osteocytes, and osteoclasts |
| What is a osteoprogenitor cell? | a stem cell derived from mesenchyme. Located in periosteum and endosteum |
| What is a osteoblasts? | formed from osteoprogentior stem cells. Positioned side by side on bone surfaces. |
| What is a osteoctye? | mature bone cells derived from osteoblasts that have lost their bone forming ability. |
| What is a osteoclast? | large, multi nuclear, phagocytic cells. Derived from fused bone marrow cells |
| What is the purpose of inorganic and organic substances in the bone? | allows bone matrix to function optimally |
| What is endochondral ossification? | begins with hyaline cartilage model and produces most of the bones of the skeleton |
| How many steps in endochondral ossification? | 6 |
| Name the steps 1-4 | 1-Fetal hyaline cartilage model develops 2-Cartilage calcifies and a periosteal bone collar forms 3- The primary ossification center forms in the diaphysis 4-Secondary ossification centers form in the epiphyses |
| Name steps 5 and 6 | 5- Bone replaces almost all cartilage expect articular and epiphyseal 6-Lengthwise growth continues until epiphyseal plates ossify and form epiphyseal lines |
| What is the growth of the epiphyseal plate? | Growth of cartilage between the boundaries of the diaphysis and epiphysis in childhood |
Created by:
rpill
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