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Intro to A&P
Chapter 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| ATP (adenosine triphosphate) | A chemical fuel that allows the body cells to do work and to function. |
| Element | A substance whose atoms all contain the same number or protons and the same number of electrons. |
| John Dalton | The individual who developed the atomic theory. |
| Atomic Number | The number of protons or the number of electrons within an atom. |
| Dimitri Mendeleev | The Russian chemist who developed the periodic table of the elements. |
| Periodic Table | The arrangement of the elements by increasing atomic number in such a way that similar properties repeat at periodic intervals. |
| Hydrogen | A weak bond that helps hold water molecules together. |
| Water | The Universal Solvent. |
| 21% | The approximate percent of the gas in the atmosphere. |
| Liver | The body organ which converts the toxic ammonia to a harmless substance called urea through the actions of it's enzymes. |
| Energy Storage | The more common of the two functions of carbohydrates. |
| Triglycerides | 95% of the fats in the human body. |
| Catalyst | An enzyme that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without being affected by the reaction. |
| Crenulate | To shrivel up. |
| Base | A substance that combines with H+ ions when dissolved in water. |
| Buffer | A substance that acts as a reservoir for hydrogen ions, donating them to a solution when their concentration falls and taking the hydrogen ions from a solution when their concentration rises. |
| Atoms are electrically _______. | Neutral. |
| Compound | The combination of the atoms of two or more elements. |
| Electron donors | Molecules that furnish electrons during a chemical reaction. |
| Ammonia | A by-product of the breakdown of amino acids. |
| Calcium | The mineral salt needed for muscle contraction and strong bones. |
| Saturated Fat | Fatty acids which contain single covalent bonds. |
| Unsaturated Fat | Fatty acids which contain one or more double covalent bonds. |
| Amino Acids | The building blocks of protein. |
| Brownian movement | The random collision of diffusing molecules. |
| Accelerate | Increased temperature causes the rate of diffusing molecules. |
| Hypotonic | A solution in which the salt concentration inside the cell is high than outside the cell. |
| Hypertonic | A solution in which the salt concentration is greater outside the cell than inside the cell. |
| Isotonic | A solution in which the salt concentration outside a cell is the same as that inside the cell. |
| Distilled pure water has a pH 7 and is classified as ________. | Neutral |
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Magyc468
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