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Microbiology
Vocab
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Microbiology | Study of microscopic organisms |
| Bacteria / two named Systems | First /Genus first (always capitalized ) Second / name of the species (not capitalized |
| Characteristics of bacteria | Posses individual characteristics Used for criteria for recognition includes Structure / morphology / staining |
| Basic bacteria cell structure | Every cell contains DNA Which carries the genetic information It's a single celled organizum that pocesses A cell membrane Cell wall Cell nucleus |
| Cell wall | Known as a capsule Which can make them resistant to certain antibiotics And protect them from attack by WBC |
| Spores | Extremely hard to kill Are resistant to heat /freezing/radiation and certain chemicals |
| Monophology of bacteria | Most commonly caused caused disease in humans are bacteria and viruse |
| Bacteria is caterorized according to | There morphology / shape / and reaction to gram stain |
| Microscopic organism | Bacteria / viruses/ parasites/ fungi |
| Culture | A group of microbes growing on nutrient-rich media |
| Agar | Gelatin - like substance that may contain additives and nutrients that will support the growth and multiplication of microorganism |
| Aerobic | Class of bacteria that requires oxygen to grow |
| Inoculation | Applying a microorganism onto a culture media |
| Opportunistic infections | Infection that developes in compromised patients and those taking certain medications such as immunosuppressive drugs |
| Pathogenic | Disease producing |
| Pathogen | Disease causing microorganism |
| Pure culture | Culture that contains only one organism |
| Sensitivity testing | Technique that evaluates which antibiotic will destroy a particular pathogen |
| Taxonomy | Classification of living organisms into the proper category using a specific set of laws and principles |
| Bacilli | Rod - shaped bacteria May be spore forming Can have a straight, rounded, or pointed end Can be motile ( moveable ) with flagella |
| Cocci | Round - shaped bacteria Can occur in pairs ( diplococci ) Chains ( streptococci ) Clusters ( staphylococci ) |
| Culture medium | Liquid or solid material in which bacteria are grown |
| Normal flora | Microorganism Normally present in different parts of the human body which pose no health threats under ordinary circumstances |
| Incubation | Place a culture in an apparatus that provides optimum conditions for growth and multiplication of microorganisms |
| Fungi | Group of microorganisms that includes yeast and mold |
| Parasite | Organism that lives within upon or at the expense of the host |
| Gram positive | Term used to describe bacteria that stain purple during the gram staining process |
| Anaerobic | Class of bacteria that do not require oxygen to grow |
| Bacteria | Single-celled microbes that lack a nucleus ( the most prevalent of all microorganism ) |
| Colonies | Visible growth of microorganism that appear on a culture medium |
| Reportable organisms | Salmonella / Shigella / Sexually transmitted disease |
| Basic bacterial cell structure | Cell membrane / cell wall/ nucleus |
| Cell division | Takes in nutrients through cell division |
| Spirilla | Spiral shaped Like a cork screw Most are motile. ( can move) |
| Mono | Single ( 1. Fragment) |
| Diplo | Two. Bacteria occurring in pairs |
| Strepto | Bacteria occurring in chains |
| Staphylo | Bacteria. Occurring in clusters |
| Stains | Basic or acidic |
| Stains / simple | Illustrates the structure of the cells |
| Stains / differential | Produces variable results based on the composition of the cell wall |
| Gram stain | Differential. By there color reaction to various strains Stained with primary purple stain Flushed with a mordant or fixative Treated with decolorizer |
| Gram stain | Gram positive - bacteria remains purple Gram negative - appear pink in color |
| Aerobic | Bacteria that requires oxygen for growth |
| Anaerobic | Bacteria that grows only in the absence of oxygen |
| Growth media | Used to grow microorganism Can be liquid broth Semisolid Or agar |
| Enriched growth media | Contains additives to encourage growth of some bacteria But inhibits others |
| Selective growth media | Contains additives to promote growth of one bacteria only and inhibits other |
| Differential or indicator media | Contains substances that will alter the appearance of the colonies |
| Streptococcus pyogenes | Strep throat |
| Kirby - Bauer To find antibiotic | Sensitivity testing (R-resistant) / don't use (I - intermediate) kill some (S- sensitivity/ susceptible ) the best one |
| Microscopic techniques | Fixed state - a spear is prepared from the specimen or culture Living state - organism is suspended in liquid and examined, prepared by wet mount or hanging drop proceedure |
| Wet mount | Place a drop of bacterial suspension on a slide Cover drop with cover slip cover slip edges are covered with petroleum jelly to form a seal |
| Hanging drop | Place specimen on a cover slip rim with petroleum jelly Place a clean glass slide with a well over the cover slip Invert the slide so the drop hangs from the cover slip |
| Virolgy | Viruses are the most common cause of infectious diseases in humans Aka flu , measles, mumps, common cold |
| Viruses | Can only multiple after entering another living cell Viruses are the smallest microorganisms ( viewed under an electronic microscope) |
| Methods used to identify viruses | Cell culture Direct detection zero diagnosis |
| Parasitology | Parasites are organisms that live in , on , or at the expense of the host |
| Vaginosis | A wet mount is valuable when trying to diagnose the cause of Vaginosis |
| Bacitracin | Test Used for identifying group A beta strep |
| Beta hemolysis | Is a wide clear zone around the colonies on a blood agar plate |
| Salmonella | Get from food |
| Shigella | Air Bourne |
| STD's | Sex |
| Staphylococcus pyogenes | Necrotizing fasciitis / sore throat |
| Straphyococcus aureus | Organism is known to cause wound infection |
Created by:
Tbella
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