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Anatomy 1650
Tissues/Bones
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| 4 Types of tissue | Epithelial, Connective, Muscle, Bone |
| 4 Functions of Tissue | Protection, Permeability, Sensations, Secretions |
| Epithelial Structure | Non-Cellular Basement Membrane B/W epithelial and connective tissue, Packed tightly together, Avasculat |
| Simple Squamous e.g. | Capillary Wall, Alveolus Wall, Smallest part of lung bottom |
| Simple Cuboidal e.g. | Tubule of kidney (nepheron) |
| Simple Columnar | Lining of Stomach, lining of Dig. Syst. |
| Stratified Squamous | epidermis of skin |
| Stratified Cubodial | Lining of Duct of Sweat Gland |
| Stratified Columinar | Lining of Part of Male Urethra |
| PseudostratifiedColumnar | Upper Resp. Syst. |
| Transitional Tissue | Urinary Bladder Cuboidal to Squamous Cell |
| 4 Types of Connective Tissue | CTP, Cartlage, Bone, Blood (all from Mesenchymal?/Stem Cells) |
| 6 Functions of Connective tissue | Support, Attach, Storage, Transport, Protection, Immune protection |
| CTP | Loose & Dense |
| 3 CTP Types: | Areolar, Adipose, Recticular |
| 9 Types of Areolar | Cells, Fibroblasts, Collagen Protein, Fibers, Elastic Protein Fibers, Recticular Fibers, Ground Substance, Defence Cells, Adipose Cells, Mesenchymal Cells |
| Cells | Fibroblasts, Defence Cells, Adipose Cells, Mesenchymal Cells |
| Fibroblast | Forming Proteins, Forming ground Substance |
| Collagen Protein Fibers | White Fibers, Collagen Protein, Strong, Flexible and resistant to strech |
| Elastic Protein Fibers | Yellow Fibers, made of elastin protein, strech and recoil |
| Recticular Fibers | White Fibers, like collagen but thinner, branching network of fibers, around capillaries and in organs like spleen, lymph nodes |
| Ground Substance | Produced by Fibroblasts, colourless, gelatinous solution |
| Adipose Cells | Fat Cells, source of energy and protection |
| Mesenchymal Cells | Stem Cell, when fibroblast damages, mesenchymal cell will divide to produce a new one and a remaining stem cell |
| CTP:Adipose | 90% Fat Cells |
| CTP: Reticular | Tissue Predominately reticular type fibers, found in hollow organs ie, Spleen, act like sponge to store or filter fluid |
| 3 CTP:Dense | Irregular, Regular, Elastic |
| CTPD: Irregular | Dermis of skin and fibrous capsule around organs. Collagen fibers thicker than in Areolar and arranged in irregular pattern |
| CTPD: Regular | In Ligaments and Tendons, poor bolld supply, no fat or defence cells, Pattern of collagen is parellel or regular |
| CTPD: Elastic | Found in strechable Ligaments ie, ligamentun nuchae, both collagen and elastic fiber, Gives some elasticity, ie bend in neck |
| Cartilage Cells | Chondroblasts, responsible for producing: Collagen fibers, Ground Substance, Elastic Protein |
| Perichondrium | Outer dense CT that surrounds most cartilage |
| 3 Types of Cartilage | Hyaline, Elastic, Fibrocartilage |
| Hyaline | Common, sml Collagen fibers, precursor to skeleton syst, end of long bones, costal cartilage |
| Elastic | Web like around chondroblasts, flexible ie ear and epiglottis |
| Fibrocartilage | Chondroblats and Collagen in parellel, little ground substance,no perichondrim, shock absorption, b/w vertebrae as disks and menisci |
| 4 Bone Functions | Support, levers, Mineral Storage, Blood formation |
| 3 types of joints | Fibrous, Cartlaginous, Synovial |
| Fibrous Joints | Sutures & Sundesmosesb/w radus and ulna, gomphosis (tooth) |
| Cartilagenous | Synchondroses: bones are joined by hyaline cartilage. Found b/t epihysis & diaphysis of growing long bone"epiphyseal growth plate" |
| Cartligineous Symphyses | Bones joined by cartlage disc ir b/t pubic bones and vertebrae |
| Synovial joint | Surrounded by fibrous capsule, articular at ends of bones, synovial membrane-produces fluid to lubricate, may have disc, rings (labtum) for pads for protection and satbility, burse pads to protect muscl. tend. Usually very movable |
| CV #1-7 | Flex, Ext, Rotation, Lat. Flex |
| Thoracic 8-19 | Flex, Ext, lat flex, NO Rotation |
| Lumbar 20-24 | Flex, ext, Lat flex, no rotation |
| Sacrum (5)/Coccyx (4) | Tailbone |
| 4 Vertebral Ligaments | Ant/post, Ligamentum Flavum, Interspinous lig, Supraspinous Lig. |
| Primary Curves | Thoacic/Sacral |
| Secondary Curves | Cervical and Lumbar, Developmental, for balance and support |
| Kyphosis | Hunchback |
| Lordosis | Swayback |
| True Ribs | First 7 |
| False Ribs | 8-12, 8-10 by costal cartilage, 11-12 float |
| 3 Thoracic Movements | Vertical, Transverse, Anterior/post. |
Created by:
Szekszer
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