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Chapter two test
CHAPTER 2 EKG TEST
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Inherent means natural conduction system | It is the electrical system that keeps the heart beating |
| Inherent rate of the SA NODE ( sino- arial node) | Inherent rate of the SA NODE = 60 --100 bpm First pacemaker |
| inherent rate of the AV NODE (Gatekeeper) (Arterial ventricular) | Inherent rate of the AV NODE = 40 --60 bpm Second pacemaker |
| Inherent rate of the ventricle myocardial cells( PURKINJE fibers) | Inherent rate of PURKINJE fibers =20--40 bpm Third pacemaker |
| Escape rhythm | If the SA NODE FAILS THE AV NODE OR PURKINJE FIBERS START THE RYTHM OF THE HEART IT IS CALLED. ( escape RYTHM) |
| REFRACTORY PERIOD | the time period when the myocardial cell cannot respond to stimulation ( rest period 1 micro second) |
| 1 heart beat = | 1 cardiac cycle |
| 1 cardiac cycle is | 1 systole and 1 diastole |
| SYSTOLIC BP = | When heart is contracting 120 bpm |
| DIASTOLIC BP = | When the heart is resting ( relaxing ) 80 bpm |
| SYSTOLIC | Is the phase when the heart is contracting and pumping the blood |
| DIASTOLIC | Is the phase when the heart is relaxing and filling with blood |
| ISO-ELECTRIC LINE OR BASE LINE | It is the straight line on the EKG ( shows there is no electrical activity in the heart ) The baseline (or isoelectric line) is used as a reference point when centering the tracing |
| WAVE | Any deflection away from the base line IS A WAVE ( if it is ABOVE THE BASELINE IT IS A POSITIVE WAVE) (If it is BELOW THE BASELINE IT IS A NEGATIVE) |
| segment/gap | this is the space between two waves |
| Interval: | the length of a wave and a segment is called |
| abnormal rhythms | are considered arrhythmias. |
| Normal sinus rhythm is the term used | to describe an ECG that falls within normal limits (WNL) 60 --100bpm |
| Sinus bradycardia is the term used to define a regular heart rate below 60 BPM, while. | sinus tachycardia refers to a regular heart rate above 100 BPM. |
| Complex | Two or more waves together |
| GALVANOMETER | It converts the electricity current ( VOLTAGE ) coming from the heart into the Mechanical waves |
| THE MECHANICAL ACTION RESULTS | In waves on EKG TRACING |
| AMPLIFIER | Converts normal or below normal signals to more readable signals which Results in waves |
| to accurately interpret an ECG tracing, it must be performed correctly and be free of (artifacts or unwanted interference). | If an artifact appears, the medical assistant should know how to locate the source and correct it |
| ARTIFACT FILTERS | Reduces the amount of artifacts on the EKG |
| STYLUS | Is a wire attached in the machine working as a pen (The writing implement on an EKG MACHINE ) |
| EKG MACHINES DO NOT CONTAIN | Ink the wire become hot and melts plastic It moves with the heart beat and makes tracing on EKG paper |
| the EKG which does INTERPRETATION is called | An INTERPRETATION MACHINE |
| ACTION POTENTIAL is | The ability of the myocardial cell to depolarizer and repolarizes |
| P WAVE | This represents ATRIAL DEPOLARIZATION |
| QRS COMPLEX | This represents VENTRICULAR DEPOLARIZATION |
| T WAVE | This represents VENTRICULAR REPOLARIZATION |
| Pressure sensitive | This is the heat sensitive EKG PAPER |
| This is heat sensitive | EKG PAPER |
| Normal paper speed is | 25 mm/ second |
| Normal standardization is | 10mm |
| VERTICAL PLANE ON THE EKG PAPER REPRESENTS | Voltage (mv) Vertical top to bottom |
| HORIZONTAL PLANE ON THE EKG PAPER REPRESENTS | Time of waves (seconds) Horizontal side to side |
| How much time is one small square | .04 |
| How much time is one large square | .20 |
| The time period when the myocardial cells cannot respond to stimulus is called | REFRACTORY PERIOD |
| The ability of the myocardial cell to depolarize and repolarize is called | ACTION POTENTIAL |
| The part of the EKG MACHINE THAT CONVERTS ELECTRICAL ACTIVITY INTO MECHANICAL MOTION IS THE | GALAVNOMETER |
| ON ALL SINUS ECGs THE INITIATION OF THE IMPULSE IS WHERE | SA NODE |
| What is the normal value of the PRI ? | -12 - .20 seconds |
| Example::::: after Jane's SA NODE starts to pace her heart at 115 bpm This is called | Sinus tachycardia ( exercised endured) |
| 1 SA NODE 2 atrial depolarization 3 AV NODE 4 bundle of his 5 R & L bundle branches 6 PURKINJE fibers 7 ventricular depolarization 8 ventricular REPOLARIZATION | Conduction pathway |
| - RYTHM STRIP | A separate 12 inch recording of a particular lead ( usually lead ll of the bottom) |
| RYTHM STRIP ASSISTS IN DETECTING PTs | Abnormalities in PTs rhythms when it is not detectable on other leads |
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Tbella
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