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Chapter 12

Cardiovascular System

TermDefinition
Three components of the cardiovascular system The hart, blood vessels, and blood.
Pulmonary Circuit The part of the cardiovascular system that pumps blood to the lungs, controlled by the right side of the heart
Systemic Circuit The part of the circulatory system that pumps blood to all parts of the body, except the lungs. Controlled by the left side of the heart.
Functions of the circulatory system 1) Separates oxygenated blood from deoxygenated blood. 2) Keeps blood flowing in one direction 3) Creates blood pressure 4) Regulates bodily blood supply 5) Serves as an endocrine gland to regulate blood pressure
Endocardium (Endothelium) The inner layer of the heart. A single layer of cells that lines the inside of the heart and blood vessels. This is a smooth layer to prevent unwanted clotting.
Myocardium The middle layer of the heart. The myocardium is the thickest layer made up of cardiac muscles. This layer is responsible for the beating of the heart (contraction).
Epicardium (Visceral serous pericardium) The outer layer of the heart is a serous membrane. This layer secretes pericardial fluid to reduce friction when the heart contracts.
Atria/Atrium The atria of the heart are the two superior cavities of the heart. One on the left and one on the right. These cavities receive blood into the heart.
Ventricles The two inferior cavities of the heart. These cavities perform the contraction of the heart to pump blood. One ventricle on the left and one on the right side of the heart.
Created by: Mr.Klein
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