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AnP Ch 3 Part C

Chapter 3 Part C

TermDefinition
Mitochondria Called the power plant of cells because they produce most of cells energy molecules (ATP)
Ribisomes Non-membranous organelles that are site of protein synthesis. Made up of protein and ribosomal RNA.
Free Ribosomes free floating, site of synthesis of soluble proteins that function in cytosol or other organelles.
Membrane-Bound Ribosomes Attached to endoplasmic reticulum (ER)site of synthesis of proteins to be incorporated into membranes or lysosomes, or exported from cell.
Endoplasmic Recticulium Rough and Smooth ER
Rough ER Studded with attached ribosomes
Smooth ER Network of looped tubules continuous with rough ER. found in plasma membrane. Lipid, Cholesterol and steroid based hormone synthesis.
Golgi Apparatus Modifies, Concentrates and packages proteins and lipids received from rough ER.
Peroxisomes Membranes sacs containing powerful detoxifying substances that neutralize toxins.
Free Radicals Toxic, highly reactive molecules that are natural by-products of cellular metabolism.
Lysosomes Spherical membrane bags containing digestive enzymes.
Cytoskeleton Elaborate network of rods that run throughout cytosol.
Microfilaments Thinnest of all cytoskeletal elements.
Intermediate filaments Composed of tetramer (4) fibrils twisted together, resulting in one strong fiber.
Microtubules Largest of cytoskeletal elements. Consist of hollow tubes composed of protein sub-units called tubulins.
Centrosome located near the Neculeus
Centrioles from the basis of cilia and flagella.
Cilia and Flagella aid in the movement of the cell or of materials across the surface
Microvilli are finger-like projections that extend from the surface of the cell to increase surface area.
Cilia Are whip-like, motile extensions on surfaces of certain cells EX respiratory Cell.
Flagella Are longer extensions that propel the whole cell. EX tail of sperm
Nucleus Largest organelle, Contains the genetic library of blueprints for synthesis of nearly all cellular proteins.
Unincleate One nucleus, but skeletal muscle
Multinucleate Many Nuclei, liver cells.
Anucleate No nucleus, red blood cells.
Nuclear Envelope Double membrane barrier that encloses the jelly like fluid.
Nuclear Pores Allow substances to pass into ans out of nucleus.
Nucleoli Dark staining spherical bodies within nucleus that are involved in ribosomal RNA synthesis.
Chromatin Consist of 30% thread like strands of DNA, 60% histone proteins and 10% RNA.
Nucleosomes Consist of DNA wrapped around histones
Chromosomes Condensed chromatin.
Created by: Jaytee07
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