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chapter 6 muscles

QuestionAnswer
buttocks gluteus maximus
muscle fibers muscle cells
fasciculi bundle of skeletal muscles bound by fasciae
contractility muscle to shorten with force
excitability when muscle responds to stimulus
extensibility ability to be stretched
elasticity ability to recoil and stretch
epimysium muscle surrounded by connective tissue
fascia connective tissue located outside of epimysium
myofibrils fibers that extend to one another
actin myofilaments thin myofilaments
myosin myofilaments thick myofilaments
tetany when muscle remains contracted
muscle twitch contraction of an entire muscle
threshold stimulus' highest level
lag phase the beginning of a contraction
contraction phase the time of contraction
recruitment number of motor units being contracted
anaerobic respiration without oxygen
aerobic respiration with oxygen
muscle fatigue when atp is used during muscle contraction
isometric equal distance
muscle tone constant tension produced by muscle
fast twitch fiber contract and fatigue quickly
slow twitch fiber contract slowly and resistant to fatigue
origin end of muscle
insertion muscle undergoing the greatest movement
isotonic equal tension
synergists muscles working together to accomplish specific movements
antagonists muscles that work in opposition
prime mover the muscle accomplishing a desired movement
skeleton dried up body
bone cells osteocytes
contraction to shorten or develop tension
skeletal muscle muscles composed of cydrical cells
endomysium the thin connective tissue surrounding each muscle cell
perimysium the connective tissue enveloping the heart
smooth muscle spindle shaped muscle
cardiac muscle specialized muscle of the heart
sarcolemma nuclei beneath the plasma membrane
sarcomere the smallest unit of muscle
motor unit a motor neuron and all the muscle cells it supplies
axon process that carries impulses away from the nerve
acetylcholine chemical transmitter substance released by certain nerve endings
muscle fatigue fatigue in the muscles
fixators muscles acting as a joint or bone
muscle types visceral, cardiac, and skeletal
Occipitofrontalis the raise of the eyebrows
Orbicularis oculi closes the eyelids and causes “crows feet” wrinkles in the skin at the lateral corners of the eye.
Orbicularis oris puckers the lips
Buccinator flattens the cheeks
Zygomaticus smiling muscle
Levator labii superioris sneering
Depressor anguli oris frowning
4 pairs of mastication muscles 2 pair of pterygoids, temporalis, and masseter
Intrinsic Tongue Muscles change the shape of the tongue.
Extrinsic Tongue Muscles move the tongue
Sternocleidomastoid lateral neck muscle and prime mover. Rotates and abducts the head
Erector spinae group of muscles on each side of the back
External intercostals elevate the ribs during inspiration.
Internal intercostals contract during forced expiration
Trapezius rotates scapula
Serratus anterior pulls scapula anteriorly
Pectoralis major adducts and flexes the arm
Latissimus dorsi medially rotates, adducts, and powerfully extends the arm
Deltoid attaches the humerus to the scapula and clavicle, and is the major abductor of the upper limb.
Triceps brachii extends the forearm
Biceps brachii flexes the forearm
Brachialis flexes forearm
Brachioradialis flexes and supinates the forearm
Flexor carpi flexes the wrist
Extensor carpi extends the wrist
Flexor digitorum flexes the fingers
Extensor digitorum extends the fingers
Quadriceps femoris extends the leg muscles
Sartorius flexes thigh
Hamstring muscles flexes the leg and extends the thigh
Gastrocnemius and soleus form the calf muscle
Created by: emilyyy5502
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