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Articulations/Joints
ch9 of Tortora Anatomy/Phys textbook
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Name the 3 (structural) joint classifications. | Fibrous, Cartilaginous, and Synovial |
| Name the 3 (functional) joint classifications. | Synarthrosis, Amphiarthrosis, and Diarthrosis |
| Define Synarthrosis. | immovable joint(ex: skull sutures) |
| Define Amphiarthrosis. | slightly movable joint(ex: ribs that connect to sternum) |
| Define Diarthrosis. | freely movable joint(ex: shoulder, hip, elbow, knee,etc.) |
| True or false:Cartilaginous joints have a synovial cavity. | FALSE |
| Define Syndesmosis. | a slightly movable (amphiarthrosis) articulation where there is greater distance between the bones and more fibrous ct than in a suture. |
| Define Gomphosis (dentoalveolar joint). | a synarthrosis fibrous joint where a cone-shaped peg fits into a socket. (**The ONLY gomphoses are the teeth in the jawbone) |
| What are the TWO types of cartilaginous joints? | Synchondrosis and Symphysis |
| Define Synchondrosis. | a cartilaginous joint where the connecting material is hyaline cartilage.(ex: epiphyseal plate) |
| Define Symphysis. | a cartilaginous joint where the bones are covered with hyaline cartilage, but a broad, flat disc of fibrocartilage connects the bones.(ex: pubis symphysis) |
| All Symphyses occur where in the body? | in the midline of the body(ex: pubic symphysis) |
| What type of functional classification is a symphysis? | Amphiarthrosis, slightly movable joint |
| What are the 3 main functions of synovial fluid? | 1. Lubricates joints2. Nourishes articular cartilage3. Contains phagocytic cells to remove debris from joint |
| What are the 5 main characteristics of synovial joints? | 1. synovial cavity2. articular cartilage3. articular capsule4. synovial fluid5. reinforcing ligaments (extracapsular ligaments and intracapsular ligaments) |
| What are the pads of fibrocartilage inside some synovial joints? **Hint-example is in the knee** | articular discs aka menisci |
| What is a sprain? | wrenching or twisting of a joint that stretches or tears its ligaments but does NOT dislocate the bone. |
| What is a strain? | a stretched or partially torn muscle |
| What is the purpose of a bursa? | alleviate friction in some joints such as the shoulder and knee joints. |
| What are tendon sheaths? | tubelike bursae that wrap around certain tendons that experience considerable friction; point is to reduce friction at joints |
| What is a bursitis? | An acute or chronic inflammation of a bursa, usually caused by repeated exertion of a joint |
| What is circumduction? | movement of the distal end of a body part in a circle(ex: moving the hand in a circle at the wrist joint) |
| What is the difference between ABduction and ADDuction? | abduction=movement of a bone AWAY from the midlineadduction=movement of bone TOWARDS the midline |
| Name the SIX catagories that synovial joints are divided into based on movement. | 1. Planar2. Hinge3. Pivot4. Condyloid5. Saddle6. Ball-and-Socket |
| Give an example of a pivot joint. | atlanto-axial joint where the atlas rotates around the axis and lets the head turn from side to side |
Created by:
Bookworm10
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