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Chap 7 Study guide

Things to know about the Skeleton: Bones and Joints

QuestionAnswer
What are the scientific names for the shaft and the ends of a long bone? Diaphysis (shaft) Epiphysis (end of long bone)
What compounds are deposited in the intercellular matrix of the embryonic skeleton to harden it? Calcium
What are the three type of cells found in bone, and what is the role of each? Osteoblasts, which build bone; osteocytes, which maintain bone; and osteoclasts, which break down (resorb) bone.
What are the two types of osseous(bone) tissue, and where is each type found? Compact bone makes up the main shaft of a long bone and the outer layer of the other bones; spongy bone makes up the ends of the long bones and the center of other bones. Also lines the medullary cavity of long bones.
What are the centers for secondary growth of a long bone called? Epiphyseal plates
What are some functions of bone markings? Help form joints, are points for muscle attachments, and allow passage of nerves and blood vessels.
What bones make up the skeleton of the trunk? Vertebral column, and the bones of the thorax , (ribs and sternum)
What are the five regions of the vertebral column? Cervical vertebrae, thoracic vertebrae, lumbar vertebrae, sacrum, and coccyx.
What are the four regions of the appendicular skeleton? The shoulder girdle, upper extremity, pelvic bones, and the lower extremity.
What are five categories of bone disorders? metabolic disorders, tumors, infections, structural disorders, and fractures.
What are three types of joints based on the degree of movement they allow? synarthrosis (immovable) , amphiarthrosis (slightly movable), and diarthrosis (freely movable)
What is the most freely moveable type of joint? synovial
What is the most common type of joint disorder? arthritis
What type of endoscope is used to examine and repair joints? arthroscope
Created by: Jessica Venyke
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