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Anatomy

QuestionAnswer
contractility shorten with force
Excitability capacity to respond to a stimulus
Extensibility to be stretched
Elasticity ability to recoil their original length
Muscles help to produce heat essential
Epimysium connective tissue sheath
Fascia connective tissue
Surrounds and separates muscles Epimysium
a muscle composed of numerous bundles Fasciculi
surrounded by loose connective tissue Perimysium
fasciculi composed of single muscle cells fibers
myofilbrils threadlike structure
2 kinds of protein fibers actin and myosin myofilaments
actin thin 2 minute strands of pearls twisted together
myosin thick bundles of minute golf clubs
actin and myosin form units called sarcomeres
Sarcomeres joined end to end to form myofibril
each sarcomeres extends from one Zline to another Zline
Z line attachment site for actin
light area I band
I band consist of actin
A band extends length of myosin
Center Light area is the H zone
H zone only myosin
myosin in the center is also a dark staining band is M line
outside cell membranes positively charged
inside cell membranes negatively charged
resting membrane potential charge difference
action potential the reversal back for the charge
motor neurons nerve cells carry action to muscle fibers
axons enter the muscles and branch
neuromuscular junction branch that connects to the muscle
synapse center of the cell
motor unit single motor and skeletal muscle fibers
Enlarged nerve terminal presynaptic terminal
space between presynaptic terminal and muscle cell synaptic cleft
muscle fiber postsynaptic terminal
Each presynaptic terminal synaptic vessels
synaptic vessels secrete neurotransmitter acetylcholine
sliding actin past myosin sliding filament mechanism
H and I bands shorten
A bands dont change in length
muscle twitch contraction of an entire muscle
stimulus reaches a level threshold
muscle fiber contact maximally all or none response
all or none response phenomenon
lag phase time between application of a stimulus to a motor neuron and beginning
time of contraction contraction phase
time during the muscle relaxes relaxation phase
tetany where the muscle remains contracted without relaxing
increase in number of motor units being activated recruitment
needed for energy for muscle contraction ATP
produced in the mitochondria ATP
is short lived and unstable ATP
anaerobic respiration without oxygen
aerobic respiration with oxygen
oxygen debt the amount of oxygen needed in chemical reactions
isometric length doesnt change
isotonic length does change
muscle tone tension produced by muscles of the body
fast twitch fibers contract quickly and fatigue quickly
slow twitch fibers contract more slowly and are more resistant to fatigue
origin most stationary end of the muscle
insertion end of the muscle undergoing the greatest
between the origin and the insertion Belly
some muscles have multiple origins or head
muscles that work together to accomplish specific movements synergists
muscles that work in opppsition to one another antagonists
prime mover group of synergists
raises the eyebrows occipitofrontalis
puckers the lips orbbicularis
frowning depressor anguli oris
sneering levator labii superioris
smiling muscle zygomaticus
intrinsic tongue muscles change the shape of tongue
Created by: Bmwalke4
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