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Anatomy: Orientation
Anatomical Terms and Body Systems
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Integumentary | skin, hair, nails |
Skeletal | bones, cartilage, ligaments |
Muscular | skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscles |
Nervous | brain, spinal cord, peripheral nerves |
Endocrine | glands (pancreas, adrenals, pituitary) |
Cardiovascular | heart, blood vessels |
Respiratory | lungs, trachea, pharynx |
Lymphatic | lymph nodes, thymus, spleen |
Digestive | stomach, intestines, esophagus |
Urinary | kidneys and bladder |
Reproductive | testes or ovaries |
Anterior (Ventral) | toward the front / belly |
Posterior (Dorsal) | Toward the back |
Cranial | Toward the head |
Caudal | Toward the tail |
Medial | Toward the midline |
Lateral | Toward the sides |
Superficial | Near the surface of the body or organ |
Deep | Toward the center of the body or organ |
Superior | Above some other body part |
Inferior | Below some other part |
Supine | Face up |
Prone | Face down |
Root: Cubit | elbow, forearm |
Root: Carp- | Wrist |
Root: Pect- | chest, breast |
Root: Cervic- | neck, cervix |
Root: Cephal (o/a)- | Head |
Root: Ante- | Before |
Root: Bucc(o/a)- | Cheek |
Root: Cox(o/a)- | Hip |
Root: Glut(e/eo)- | Buttocks |
Root: Axill(o/a)- | Armpit |