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Anat1 - Lower Limb
(Week 8)
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The three segments of the lower limb are the _______, _______, and _______. | thigh, leg, foot |
| The sole bone of the thigh is the _______. | femur |
| The _______ is the largest, strongest bone it he body. | femur |
| The femur articulates proximally with the _______ and distally with the _______ and _______. | acetabulum, tibia, fibula |
| The femur angles medially as it descends to the knee. This is called the _______ _______. | Q angle |
| The _______ is the weakest part of the femur. | neck |
| The _______ is the triangular sesamoid bone enclosed in the quadriceps tendon. | patella |
| The patella articulates with the femur at _______ _______. | femoral condyles |
| The patella protects the _______ _______ and improves leverage of _______. | anterior knee, quadriceps |
| The three compartments of the thigh are: | anterior, posterior, medial |
| The iliopsoas is a composite of which two muscles that share a common insertion tendon? | iliacus, psoas |
| Iliacus O.I.A. | O: iliac fossa and crest, lateral sacrum I: via common tendon to lesser trochanter of femur A: PM of thigh flexion |
| Psoas O.I.A. | O: TBs, bodies, and discs of T12-L5 I: via common tendon to lesser trochanter of femur A: PM of thigh flexion |
| Tensor Fasciae Latae O.I.A. | O: ASIS and anterior aspect of iliac crest I: anterolateral tibial condyle via iliotibial tract A: flex, abd of thigh (syn of iliopsoas, glut max, med & min), med rot of thigh, stabilizes knee |
| Sartorius O.I.A. | O: ASIS I: medial proximal tibia (pes anserine) A: flexes, abducts, and laterally rotates thigh, flexes knee |
| Rectus Femoris O.I.A. | O: AIIS I: tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament A: extends knee and flexes thigh at hip |
| Vastus Lateralis O.I.A. | O: greater trochanter, intertrochanteric line, linea aspera I: tibial tiberosity via patellar ligament A: extends and stabilizes knee |
| Vastus Medialis O.I.A. | O: linea aspera, intertrochanteric line I: tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament A: knee extension |
| Vastus Intermedius O.I.A. | O: anterior & lateral proximal femur I: tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament A: knee extension |
| The four muscles of quadriceps femoris are: | Rectus femoris, Vastus Lateralis, Vastus Medialis, Vastus Intermedius |
| Adductor Magnus O.I.A. | O: ischial and pubic rami & ischial tuberosity I: linea aspera and adductor tubercule of femur A: anterior part adduction & medial rot of thigh; medial part synergist of hamstrings, thigh extension |
| Adductor Longus O.I.A. | O: pubis I: linea aspera A: adduct, flex, & med rot thigh |
| Adductor Brecis O.I.A. | O: pubis - body and inferior ramus I: linea aspera A: adduct & med rot thigh |
| Pectineus O.I.A. | O: pectineal line of pubis I: line between lesser trochanter to linea aspera A: adduct, flex & med rot thigh |
| Gracillis O.I.A. | O: pubis - body and inferior ramus I: pes anserine - proximal medial tibia A: adduct, felx & med rot thigh |
| Thigh extension and knee flexion are primarily affected by the _______ muscles. | hamstring |
| Forceful extension is aided by the _______ _______ muscle. | gluteus maximus |
| Gluteus Maximus O.I.A. | O: posterior ilium, sacrum, coccyx I: gluteal tuberosity of femur and iliotibial tract A: major extensor of thigh, also abduction and lat rot |
| Gluteus Medius O.I.A. | O: posterior lateral surface of ilium below crest I: greater trochanter of femur A: abduction and med rot of thigh, important in holding pelvis level while walking |
| Gluteus Minimus O.I.A. | O: lateral ilium below Gluteus medius I: greater trochanter of femur A: abduction, med rot of thigh |
| The three hamstring muscles are: | biceps femoris, semitendinosis, semimembranosus |
| Biceps Femoris (long and short head) O.I.A. | O: ischial tuberosity (long head), linea aspera and distal femur (short head) I: via tendon to lat tibial condyle and head of fibula A: long: ext thigh, long and short: flex knee & lat rot, esp w/knee flexed |
| Semitendinosis O.I.A. | O: ischial tiberosity w/ long head of biceps femoris I: medial aspect of upper tibial shaft A: extends thigh at hip, flex knee - med rot w/ knee flexed |
| Semimembranosus O.I.A. | O: ischial tuberosity I: medial condyle of tibia A: extends thigh at hip, flex knee - med rot w/ knee flexed |
| Piriformis O.I.A. | O: anterolateral surface of sacrum I: greater trochanter of femur A: rotates extended thigh laterally, stabilizes pelvis joint |
| Gemellus Superior & Inferior O.I.A. | O: superior: ischial spine, inferior: ischial tuberosity I: greater trochanter of femur A: rotates extended thigh laterally, stabilizes pelvis/hip joint |
| Obturator Internus O.I.A. | O: inner surface of obturator membrane and foramen & greater sciatic notch I: greater trochanter of femur A: rotates extended thigh laterally, stabilizes pelvis/hip joint |
| Obturator Externus O.I.A. | O: outer surface of obturator membrane and foramen I: greater trochanter of femur A: rotates extended thigh laterally, stabilizes pelvis/hip joint |
| Quadratus Femoris O.I.A. | O: ischial tuberosity I: greater trochanter of femur A: rotates thigh laterally, stabilizes pelvis/hip joint |
| Abduction and internal rotation of the thigh are affected by the _______ _______ and _______ _______, and are antagonized by the _______ rotators. | gluteus medius, gluteus minimus, lateral |
| Thigh adduction is the role of which five adductor muscles? | adductor magnus, adductor longus, adductor brevis, pectineus, and gracillis |
Created by:
sdouglass
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