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Jennifer Walos
Anatomy ch. 6-12
| The individual muscle fibers are covered by a connective tissue membrane called the | endomysium. |
| A muscle with fascicles that insert into only one side of the tendon is categorized as | unipennate. |
| Muscles that move the forearm | brachioradialis, pronator teres, and biceps brachii |
| The term _____ is used to describe a muscle that directly performs a specific movement. | agonist |
| The point of attachment that does not move when the muscle contracts is the | origin. |
| The fibrous connective tissue that surrounds the entire muscle and is outside the epimysium and tendon is called the | fascia. |
| In addition to the Pectoralis major, another muscle that displays this pattern of fascicle arrangement is Latissimus dorsi. | convergent |
| Muscles that move the upper arm originate on the: | clavicle and scapula. |
| Moving from superficial to deep, the connective tissue components would be: | epimysium, perimysium, endomysium |
| The origin of a muscle is on the femur, and the insertion is on the tibia. When it contracts, it bends the knee. Its fibers run parallel to the body. Which of the following terms might be part of its name? | Rectus and Femoris |
| Which of the following statements about the muscles of the thorax is incorrect? | When the diaphragm contracts, it decreases the volume of the thoracic cavity and expels air from the lungs. |
| The latissimus dorsi muscle is an example of a _____ muscle. | spiral |
| Muscles that contract at the same time as the prime mover are called: | synergists and fixators |
| The muscle(s) assisting in rotating the arm outward is (are) the: | teres minor. |
| A muscle that assists with mastication is the: | masseter. |
| The nervous system is made up of the | Brain, Spinal cord, and nerves |
| The nervous system is organized to | detect changes (stimuli) in the internal and external environment, evaluate that information, and possibly respond by initiating changes in muscles or glands. |
| Structural classification of neurons? | Bipolar, unipolar, multipolar |
| In the human nervous system: | there are almost equal numbers of glia cells and neurons. |
| Dendrites conduct impulses _____ cell bodies. | toward |
| Which is true of a reflex arc? | It always consists of an afferent neuron and an efferent neuron. |
| The afferent pathways of the autonomic nervous system: | carry feedback information to integrating centers in the brain. |
| The nervous system can be divided: | according to its structure, according to direction of information flow, by control of effectors. |
| The lower end of the spinal cord, with its attached spinal nerve roots, gives the appearance of a horse’s tail called the | cauda equina |
| Nerve fibers of the spinothalamic tract are: | sensory. |
| Conduction to autonomic effectors requires only one efferent neuron. | False |
| Which of the following is not true of the lateral corticospinal tract fibers? | Most inhibit the lower motor neuron. |
| If you were to damage some of the preganglionic fibers that enter the celiac ganglion, what effect would this have on sympathetic stimulation? | Hormones secreted by the adrenal medulla may not reach the various sympathetic effectors, thus delaying the effects of sympathetic stimulation. |
| The nervous system acts through | nerve impulses conducted along axons of neurons, nerve impulses trigger the release of mediator molecules called neurotransmitter |
| Pyramid-shaped gland consisting of neural crest-derived cells and endocrine secretory cells. | adrenal gland |
| The anatomical stalk of the pituitary is also known as | infundibulum |
| Transparent structure of the eye containing regularly aligned collagen fibers. | cornea |
| Receptors for hearing are located in the | cochlear duct. |
| Bony labyrinth structure containing the utricle and saccule. | vestibule |
| Cardiac output is determined by | stroke volume and heart rate. |
| Factors that affect the strength of myocardial contraction are called | inotropic factors. |
| Which two factors promote the return of venous blood to the heart? | blood-pumping action of respirations and skeletal muscle contractions |
| During fetal circulation, what opening in the septum, between the right and left atria, directs most of the blood so that it bypasses the fetal lungs? | foramen ovale |
| In _____, blood moves from veins to other veins or arteries to other arteries without passing through an intervening capillary network. | vascular anastomoses |
| Lymphocytes that kill many types of tumor cells and cells infected by different kinds of viruses are known as | natural killer cells. |
| Which of the following is a powerful poison that acts directly on any cell and quickly kills it? | lymphotoxin |
| Which antibody is synthesized by immature B cells and then inserted into their plasma membranes? | immunoglobulin M |
| The _____ postulates that when an antigen enters the body, it selects the clone whose cells are committed to synthesizing its specific antibody and stimulates these cells to proliferate and to thereby produce more antibodies. | clonal selection theory |
| The microscopic cilia function to | move mucus toward the pharynx. |
| The trachea, bronchial tree, and lungs make up the | lower respiratory tract. |
| The surface of the respiratory membrane inside each alveolus is coated with a fluid containing | surfactant |
| The air-containing spaces that open, or drain, into the nasal cavity are called | paranasal sinuses. |
| If you were to trace the movement of air through the nose into the pharynx, it would pass through the following structures in which order? | anterior nares, vestibule, meatus, and posterior nares |
| The eustachian tube connects the middle ear with the: | nasopharynx |
| Which of the following lists the correct sequence of air as it passes through the nose into the pharynx? | Anterior nares vestibule inferior, middle, and superior meatus posterior nares |
| The largest of the paranasal sinuses is the: | maxillary |
| The function of the vibrissae in the vestibule is to: | provide an initial “filter” to screen particulate matter from air that is entering the system. |
| Which of the following is true of the intrinsic muscles of the larynx? | They serve in voice production. |
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JenWalos
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