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KATHLEEN MARAVILLAS
ANATOMY WEEK 6-12
| An example of a muscle with this type of fascicle arrangement is the orbicularis oris. | CIRCULAR |
| The common tendon of the gastrocnemius and soleus is called the | CALCANEAL TENDON |
| Identify the letter that indicates the Epicranial aponeurosis. | A - EPICRANIAL APONEUROSIS (GALEA APONEUROTICA) |
| The long axes of the fascicles run parallel to the long axis of the muscle is a description of this type of fascicle arrangement. | PARALLEL |
| The term _____ is used to describe a muscle that directly performs a specific movement. | AGONIST |
| Muscles with this type of muscle fascicle arrangement are either fusiform or straplike in appearance. | PARALLEL |
| In addition to pertoralis major, another muscle that displays this pattern of fascicle arrangement is latissimus dorsi | CONVERGENT |
| The muscle fascicle arrangement for orbicularis oris is best characterized as | CIRCULAR |
| A muscle with fascicles that insert into only one side of the tendon is categorized as | UNIPENNATE |
| The continuous low level of sustained contraction maintained by all skeletal muscles is muscle | TONE |
| The biceps brachii has this fascicle arrangement, which maximizes the range of motion possible. | PARALLEL |
| The point of attachment that does not move when the muscle contracts is the | ORIGIN |
| Identify the letter that indicates the zygomaticus minor and major. | C - ZYGOMATICUS MINOR AND MAJOR |
| A muscle with fascicles that insert into the tendon from nothe sides is categorized as | BIPENNATE |
| The innermost muscle of the abdominal wall is the | TRANSVERSE ABDOMINIS |
| Identify the letter that indicates the Sternocleidomastoid. | A - STERNOCLEIDOMASTOID |
| The Sartorius muscle, a thin straplike muscle would have muscle fascicles arranged in | PARALLEL |
| Identify the letter that indicates the Rectus abdominis. | C - RECTUS ABDOMINIS |
| The fibrous connective tissue that surrounds the entire muscle and is outside the epimysium and tendon is called the | FASCIA |
| Identify the letter that indicates the Deltoid. | B - DELTOID |
| Identify the letter that indicates the Masseter | E - MASSETER |
| This arrangement of muscle fascicles tends to be triangular in shape. The Pectoralis major is an example of a muscle with this type of muscle fascicle arrangement. | CONVERGENT |
| The muscle that helps hold the scapula against the thorax and is useful in pushing or punching movements is the | SERRATUS ANTERIOR. |
| Identify the letter that indicates the Serratus Anterior. | A - SERRATUS ANTERIOR |
| Identify the letter that indicates the Linea alba | B - LINEA ALBA |
| Identify the letter that indicates the Orbicularis oris | D - ORBICULARIS ORIS |
| The individual muscle fibers are covered by a connective tissue membrane called the | ENDOMYSIUM |
| Muscles that move the wrist, hand, and fingers can be | EXTRINSIC OR INTRINSIC |
| Muscles that move the forearm include which of the following? | ALL OF THE ABOVE (BRANCHIORADIALIS, PRONATOR TERES, BICEPS BRACHII) |
| Which of the following body systems assists the muscles in maintaining posture? | ALL OF THE ABOVE (DIGESTIVE, ENDOCRINE, EXCRETORY) |
| The most common type of lever in the body is a ____class lever. | THIRD |
| Groups of skeletal muscle fibers are bound together by a connective tissue envelope called the | PERIMYSIUM |
| The muscle that flexes the semipronated or semisupinated forearm is the | BRACHIORADIALIS |
| Which of the following statements is incorrect? A. The origin of the muscle is attached to the bone that does not move. B. The insertion of the muscle is attached to the bone that moves. C. When the muscle contracts, the insertion moves toward the orig | ALL OF THE ABOVE ARE INCORRECT. |
| Which of the following muscles has fibers on a transverse plane? | TRANSVERSE ABDOMINIS |
| Which of the following is not a muscle that moves the thigh? | SACROSPINALIS |
| The muscle that allows the thumb to be drawn across the palm to touch the tip of any finger is the: | OPPONENS POLLICIS |
| The covering of individual muscle fibers is the: | ENDOMYSIUM |
| The muscle(s) assisting in rotating the arm outward is (are) the: | TERES MINOR |
| Muscles that move the upper arm originate on the: | CLAVICLE AND SCAPULA |
| The latissimus dorsi muscle is an example of a ____muscle. | SPIRAL |
| Which of the following is not a posterior muscle that acts on the shoulder girdle? | PECTORALIS MINOR |
| Another name for a sphincter muscle is a ______muscle. | CIRCULAR |
| The muscle that raises or lowers the shoulders or shrugs them is the: | TRAPEZIUS |
| Which of the following muscles does not move the upper arm? | TRAPEZIUS |
| Which of the following is not a muscle that moves the foot? | SARTORIUS |
| Moving from superficial to deep, the connective tissue components would be: | EPIMYSIUM, PERIMSIUM, ENDOMYSIUM |
| Which of the following is not a group of pennate muscles? | TRIPENNATE |
| The pectoralis major muscle is an example of a _______ muscle. | CONVERGENT |
| Which of the following is not a muscle of the quadriceps femoris group. | BICEPS FEMORIS |
| There are more than 600 muscles in the body. | TRUE |
| The sternocleidomastoid muscle is an example of a muscle named for its | POINTS OF ATTACHMENT |
| In pushing (pressing) a weight from shoulder height to above the head, which of the following muscles is least utilized? | BICEPS BRACHII |
| The soles muscle is an example of a _____muscle. | PENNATE |
| Another name for a skeletal muscle cell is a: | MUSCLE FIBER |
| The origin of a muscle is on the femur, and the insertion is on the tibia. When it contracts, it bends the knee. Its fibers run parallel to the body. Which of the following terms might be part of its name? | RECTUS AND FEMORIS |
| The muscle that extends and adducts the arm is the: | LATISSIMUS DORSI |
| A muscle that assists with mastication is the: | MASSETER |
| Muscles located on the lower leg move the: | FOOT |
| A muscle is attached to the femur and tibia. Its function or action is to bend the knee. When it contracts, it is acting as the: | PRIME MOVER |
| The action of the brachial muscle is to _____ the forearm. | FLEX |
| The terms major and teres minor muscles move the: | ARM |
| The prime mover can also be called the | AGONIST |
| Which of the following statements about the muscles of the thorax is incorrect? | WHEN THE DIAPHRAGM CONTRACTS, IT DECREASES THE VOLUME OF THE THORACIC CAVITY AND EXPELS AIR FROM THE LUNGS. |
| Skeletal muscles constitute approximately _____ of our body weight. | 50% |
| The origin of a muscle is on the femur, and the insertion is on the tibia. When it contracts, it bends the knee. Which of the following is true? | THE KNEE IS ACTING AS A FULCRUM |
| All of the following muscles are part of the rotator cuff muscles except the: | DELTOID |
| The flexor muscles that move the fingers are mostly located on the | ANTERIOR MEDIAL SURFACE OF THE FOREARM |
| Which of the following statements about the muscles of the head is incorrect? | THE SPLENIUS CAPITIS MUSCLE IS SOMETIME CALLED THE PRAYER MUSCLE BECAUSE IT CAUSES THE HEAD TO BOW. |
| Chemical signals diffuse between neurons at this location. | SYNAPSE |
| The efferent pathways of the autonomic nervous system can be divided into the______divisions. | PARASYMPATHETIC AND SYMPATHETIC |
| Identify the letter that indicates the region of a neuron where neurotransmitters are released. | E - SYNAPSE (AXON TERMINAL) |
| This tends to be the longest cytoplasmic projection from a neuron | AXON |
| Identify which letter represents an oligondendrocyte. | E - OLIGONDENDROCYTE |
| This is the site of communication between neurons. | SYNAPSE |
| Identify which letter represents the most abundant category of glial cells in the CNS. | B - CELL BODY (SOMA) |
| A signal conduction route to and from the central nervous system is a | REFLEX ARC |
| What term describes the bundles of nerve fibers within the central nervous system? | TRACTS |
| Which of these glia cells are located in the peripheral nervous system? | SCHWANN CELL |
| Nerves that originate from the brain are called ____ nerves. | CRANIAL |
| Neurons have | VERY LIMITED CAPACITY TO REPAIR THEMSELVES |
| Which of the following is not a structural classification of neurons? | POLAR |
| Identify the letter that indicates the gaps between Schwann cells that are known as myelin sheath gaps (node of ranvier) | D - NODE OF RANVIER |
| The structural and functional center of the entire nervous system is the _____ nervous system. | CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM |
| The regions of the neuron direct electrical currents toward the cell body. | DENDRITE |
| Identify which diagram represents cells that produce and circulate cerebrospinal fluid. | D - CEREBROSPINAL FLUID |
| The somatic nervous system carries information to the | SKELETAL MUSCLES |
| The ____ of a presynaptic neuron associates with the dendrite of a postsynaptic neuron. | AXON TERMINAL |
| Bundles of myelinated fibers make up the | WHITE MATTER OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM |
| The glia cells that help form the blood-brain barrier are the | ASTROCYTES |
| Identify which diagram represents a microglial cell | C - MICROGLIAL CELL |
| Identify which diagram represents a cell that produces a myelin sheath in the central nervous system. | E - OLIGODENDROCYTE |
| Identify the letter that indicates the region of a neuron with a name that means “little hill” | B - AXON |
| Excitable cells that conduct the impulses are called | NEURONS |
| What structure of the Schwann cell is essential to normal nerve growth and the regeneration of injured nerve fibers? | NEURILEMMA |
| Identify the letter that indicates a Schwann cell. | C - SCHWANN CELL |
| Axodendritic synapses occur between letter “E” on the diagram and this region on a proximal neuron. | A - DENDRITES |
| The ____ of a neuron is a single process that usually extends from a tapered portion of the cell body. | AXON |
| The ____ nervous system is a complex network of nerve pathways embedded in the intestinal wall with a network of integrators and feedback loops that can act somewhat independently. | ENTERIC |
| The part of the nervous system that transmits impulses from the CNS to the skeletal muscle is the | SOMATIC NERVOUS SYSTEM |
| WHich is not true of the myelin sheath? | IT COVERS CELL BODIES IN THE BRAIN AND SPINAL CORD. |
| Small distinct regions of gray matter in the CNS are calles: | NUCLEI |
| One of the components of the blood-brain is | ASTROCYTES |
| Which of the following compounds cannot cross the blood-brain barrier? | DOPAMINE |
| Which of the following is not a function of the CNS Central Nervous Sytem? | ALL OF THE ABOVE ARE FUNCTIONS OF THE CNS (INTEGRATING SENSORY INFORMATION, EVALUATING THE INFORMATION, INITIATING AN OUTGOING RESPONSE) |
| In the human nervous system: | THERE ARE ALMOST EQUAL NUMBERS OF GLIA CELLS AND NEURONS |
| The afferent pathways of the autonomic nervous system: | CARRY FEEDBACK INFORMATION TO INTEGRATING CENTERS IN THE BRAIN. |
| Astrocytes attach to | NEURONS AND BLOOD VESSELS |
| The autonomic nervous system does not stimulate | SKELETAL MUSCLES |
| Which is true of a reflex arc? | IT ALWAYS CONSISTS OF AN AFFERENT NEURON AND AN EFFERENT NEURON |
| Neurons in the CNS have less chance of regenerating for all of the following reasons except: | MICROGLIA LAY DOWN SCAR TISSUE |
| Gray matter in the brain and spinal cord consists primarily of | CELL BODIES |
| Along a neuron, the correct pathway for impulse conduction is | DENTRITE, CELL BODY, AND AXON |
| A neuron that has only one axon but several dendrites is classified as a ____neuron. | MULTIPOLAR |
| Schwann cells have a function in the PNS that is similar to that of which cells in the CNS? | OLIGODENDROCYTES |
| The efferent pathways of the autonomic nervous system consist of the ____nervous system. | SYMPATHETIC AND PARASYMPATHETIC |
| Most unipolar neurons are usually: | SENSORY NEURONS |
| The nervous system can be divided: | ALL OF THE FOLLOWING: ACCORDING TO ITS STRUCTURE, ACCORDING TO DIRECTION OF INFORMATION FLOW AND BY CONTROL OF EFFECTORS. |
| A neuron that transmits a nerve impulse toward the central nervous system is called a. | SENSORY NEURON |
| Fascicles are held together by a connective tissue layer called the: | PERINEURIUM |
| The nervous system is organized to do which of the following? | ALL - DETECT CHANGES IN THE EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENT, DETECT CHANGES IN THE INTER ENVIRONMENT AND EVALUATE CHANGES IN THE ENVIRONMENT |
| Interneurons reside in the: | CNS only |
| Which of the following is the deepest connective tissue layer of a nerve? | ENDONEURIUM |
| Dendrites conduct impulses ____ cell bodies. | TOWARD |
| The largest and most numerous types of neroglia are the | ASTROCYTES |
| The white matter of the nervous system is made up of | MYELINATED FIBERS |
| Multipolar neurons have | MULTIPLE DENDRITES AND ONE AXON |
| Regeneration of nerve fibers will take place only if the cell body is intact and the fibers have | A NEURILEMMA |
| Nerves that contain mostly afferent fibers are called ____ nerves. | SENSORY |
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kmaravillas
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