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SCI220-Anatomy
Week 1-5
| question/term | answer/definition |
|---|---|
| Molecules are: | Atoms combined to form larger chemical aggregates. |
| There are _____ abdominal regions: | 9 |
| A sagital plane divides the body into: | right and left portions. |
| Organ system complex: | when many similar cells seocialize to perform a certain function. |
| Mitochondria, Gogli apparatus, and endoplasmic reticulum are examples of: | organelles |
| A frontal section divides the body into: | front and back |
| X-ray films of the liver must in include what regions of the abdomnopelvic region? | Right hypochondriac, epigastric, and left hyprochondriac |
| An organ is one organizational level higher than a: | tissue |
| The transverse plane divides the body into: | upper and lower planes |
| The mediastinum contains: | the trachea, venae cavae, and esophagus |
| Several kinds of tissues working together are termed an: | organ |
| From smallest to largest, the levels of organization of the body are: | chemical, organelle, cellular, tissue, organ, system, and organism. |
| Blood production is a function of what system? | Skeletal system |
| The gall bladder is located in the ____ region: | right hypochondriac |
| The coronal plane divides the body into: | anterior and posterior planes |
| Two major cavities of the human body are: | axial and appendicular |
| Anatomical position is: | head pointing forward and body standing erect. |
| Characteristics of life are: | digestion, conductivity, circulation, and reproduction. |
| The smallest living thing living in the body are: | cells |
| The abdominalpelvic cavity contains: | stomach, pancreas, reproductive organs, intestines, gallbladder, liver, diaphragm, pelvis, and rectum. |
| What is a tissue? | An organization of many similar cells that are specialized to perform a certain function. |
| In the presence of a base, red litmus paper will turn: | blue |
| An example of a catabolic process is: | hydrolysis |
| Characteristics of an acid are: | sour tasting, proton donors, and release hydrogen ions in an aqueous solution. |
| Carbon has: | an datomic number of 6 and 2 electrons in the firsy shell. |
| Atomic mass is the _____ | number of protons and neutrons. |
| The hydrogen isotope tritium consists of: | one protron and 2 neutrons. |
| As the concentration of hydrogen ions (H+) increases, the: | solution becomes more acidic. |
| An ionic bond if formed by: | a positive and negative ion attracting each other. |
| What does an isotope of an element contain? | a different number of neutrons from the other atoms of the smae element. |
| Bases are: | substances that accept hydrogen ions |
| The percentage of water weight in the female body is: | approximately 50% |
| Synthesis reaction is: | a type of reaction in which substances are combined to form more complex substances |
| Water is: | the most important compound found in the body. |
| Zinc? | Is not one of the major elements founf in the human body. |
| Iron? | a trace element found in the body. |
| Magnesium atom has an atomic number of 12, an atomic mass of 25, and a +2 charge. This atom would contain: | 12 protons, 12 neutrons, and 10 electrons |
| Carbon has an atomic number of 6 and: | 4 unpaired electrons in its outer shell. |
| The pH of gastroc fluid is: | 2 |
| AB+CD--->AD+CD is an example of what reaction? | exchange |
| Protons determine: | what kind of element it is |
| The study of metabolism includes examination of: | catabolism, anabolism, and ATP requirements |
| The properties of water are: | high specific heat, high heat evaporization, and strong polarity |
| The formation of sucrose involve the removal of a molecule of water is called: | dehydration sysnthesis |
| An example of catabolic process is: | hydrolysis |
| Hydrogens are: | the weakest bonds |
| When atoms combine they may gain, lose or share: | electrons |
| Alkaline (bases) | contain a greater concentration of hydroxide ions (OH-) then hydrogen ions (HO+) |
| Electron: | a negatively charged subatomic particle that moves around the nucleus |
| What is the octet rule? | stability of the atom when there are 8 electrons in the outermost energy level |
| Helium: | the least likely element to combine with another element. |
| An ezyme catalase is an important chemical in the functioning of: | mitochondria |
| Proteasome stuctures and function include: | breaking doen abnormal and misfolded proteins release from the ER, look like a hollow cylindrical drum made of protein subunits, and require a small protein called ubiquitin to pull proteins in |
| Microvilli: | a cell extension that assists epithelial cells in absorption |
| Glycoproteins: | keep the cell membrane from breaking easily |
| Damage to centrosome and centrioles would greatly impact: | cell division |
| Lysosomes: | cause enzymatic breakdown (digestion) of foreign material |
| DNA is a major consituent of which cell organelle? | nucleus |
| Raffs functions: | help organize various components of the plasma memebrane, play an important role in the pinching of a parent cell into two daughter cells, and sometimes allow a cell to form depressions that form a means of carrying substances in to the cell |
| The function of the cell membrane is carried out by the: | glycoproteins |
| Ribosomes: | organelles that recycle amino acids |
| Endoplasmic reticulum: | broad, flattened sacs and has many ribosomes attached to it |
| Main cell structures include: | organelles, cytoplasm, and plasma membrane |
| Indentations in the plasma membrane are called: | caveolae |
| Primary cilium: | lacks a central pair of microtubules, is not found in blood cells, and functions to monitor urine flow |
| Flagellum | a cell structure that propels sperm |
| The nucleus is composed of: | rRNA |
| Functions of the integral membrane proteins are: | act as receptor, signul transduction, and identify as "self" |
| Ribosomes are: | nonmembranous organelles |
| Mitochondria: | an inner membrane contorted infolds called cristae |
| Cilia: | projections of a cell that move materials and mucous |
| Smooth endoplasmic reticulum: | supplies membrane for use throughout the cell, makes steroid hormones and glycoproteins |
| In the cell membrane, the hydrophillic part of the phospholipid molecule: | faces the exterior of the cell and is in the center of the phospholipid layer |
| Ribosomes contain: | RNA, protein, and are composed of a large and a small unit |
| Chromatin: | granules or threads within the nucleus |
| Microfilament: | serves as part of our "cellular muscles" |
| The barrier function of the plasma membrane is accoplished by the: | phospholipid bilayer |
| Lysosomes and peroxisomes: | protect the cell from harm |
| Immune cells: | recognize and destroy nonself cells |
| Centrosome: | the microtubule organizing center |
| Skin cells are tightly held together by: | desmosomes |
| Golgli apparatus: | processes and packages materials to be secreted |
| ATP production occurs in: | mitochondria |
| Female sex ovum: | the largest human cell, measuring 150um |
| Endocrine and exocrine glands: | all glands classified in the body |
| Synovial: | connective tissue membrane that lines the spaces between bones and joints |
| Simple cuboidal epithelium: | cube-shaped tissue cells tha tline the kidney tubules |
| Dermoepidermal junctions: | glues the epidermis and dermis together and provides mechanical support to the epidermis |
| 2 major categories of body membranes are: | epithelial and connective |
| Principal types of tissue: | epithelial, nervous, connective, and muscle |
| Extracellular matric contains: | proteins and proteoglycans |
| Cerumen: | a brown waxy substance of mixed secretions of sebaceous and ceruminous glands |
| Connective tissue: | the most abundant and widespread tissue in the body |
| Extracellular matrix: | fluid that fills the spaces between the cells of the body |
| Neuron: | the conducting unit of the nerve tissue |
| Epithilial tissue: | protects and lines body cavities |
| Mucus: | lubricating substance produced by goblet cells |
| Epiderm: | is NOT a primary germ layer |
| The union of basal and fibroreticular laminae forms the: | basement membrane |
| Cardiac muscle: | contains intercalculated disks |
| Stratified squamous (keritinized) epithelial calls are found in the: | epidermis |
| Examples of serous membrane: | pleura, peritoneum, and pericardium |
| Collagen: | the most abundant type of compund protein in the body |
| Hyaline cartiledge: | the most common type of cartiledge |
| Diaphysis: | the main shaft-like portion of the ling bone |
| The last 2 pairs of ribs are floating ribs because: | they do not attach to the sternum |
| Sternum: | a dagger shaped bone tha tis the medial part of the anterior chest wall |
| Anteriorly, each rib attaches to the: | sternum |
| Hyoid bone: | the only bone that does not articulate with any other bones of the body |
| Human pelvis with an agle of 110 degrees belongs to a: | female |
| The extracellular components of a bone matrix are: | hard and calcified |
| Fibrocartiledge can be founf in the: | symphysis pubis |
| The joint between the pubic portions of each coxal bone is the: | pubic symphysis |
| Pubis bone is: | most anteriorly place of all pubic bones |
| Palatine: | 2 bones that form the hard palate |
| Fibula: | the smaller and lateral leg bone |
| Lacrimal bone: | very small bone that lies just posterior and lateral to each nasal bone |
| Sphenoid bone: | serves as the keystone in the architecture of the cranium |
| Compact bone contains may cylinder-shaped structural units called: | osteons |
| Fontanels: | stuctures unique to the fetal skull and provide additional space for molding the head shape as it passes throught the birth canal |
Created by:
penniann73
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