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Gland-Hormone-func
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Hormones produced by the Anterior pituitary: | FSH, LH, ACTH, TSH, GH, PRL |
| Hormones produced by the Posterior pituitary: | Oxytocin and ADH |
| Hormones produced by the Thyroid gland: | Thyroid hormone and Calcitonin |
| PArathyroid gland produces: | parathyroid hormone |
| Adrenal gland(medulla) produces: | epinephrine and norepinephrine |
| Adrenal gland (cortex) produces: | mineralcorticoids(aldosterone) glucorticoids Gonadocorticoids(androgen and estrogen) |
| Pancreas produces: | Insulin and Glucagon |
| Ovary produces: | estrogen and progesterone |
| Testis produces: | tesosterone |
| Thymus produces: | Thymosin and thymopoietin |
| Pineal gland produces: | Melatonin |
| Follicle-stimulating Hormone | regulates gamete production and hormonal activity of the gonads |
| Luteinizing hormone (LH) | regulate gamete production and hormonal activity of the gonads |
| Adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) | regulates the endocrine activity of the cortex portion of the adrenal gland |
| Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) | influences growth and activity of the thyroid gland |
| Growth hormone (GH) | metabolic hormone, determines body size, growth of muscle and long bones |
| Prolactin (PRL) | stimulates breast development, promotes and maintains lactation, may stimulate testosterone production in males |
| Oxytocin | stimulates uterine contractions during childbirth and coitus, causes milk ejection |
| Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) | causes distal and collecting tubules of kidneys to reabsorb more water, reduces urine output and conserves water, increases blood pressure |
| Thyroid hormone (TH) (T4 and T3) | controls rate of body metabolism and cellular oxidation |
| Calcitonin | decreases blood calcium levels by stimulating calcium salt deposit in bones |
| Parathyroid hormone (PTH) | important regulator of calcium balance in blood, causes release of calcium from bone matrix and prods kidneys to reabsorb more calcium and less phosphate from filtrate, stimulates kidneys to activate Vitamin D |
| epinephrine and norepinephrine | increased rate and force of contraction of heart, constricts blood vessels, dialates bronchioles, stimulates lipolysis, increases metabolic rate, dilation of pupils, inhibition of gastrointestinal secretion; fight-or-flight response |
| mineralocorticoids (Aldosterone) | regulate water and electrolyte balance in extracellular fluids, regulate sodium ion reabsorption by kidney tubules |
| glucocorticoids (Cortisone, Hydrocortisone, Corticosterone) | enable body to resist long-term stressors by increasing blood glucose |
| gonadocorticoids (androgens and estrogens) | sex hormones, effect usually masked by hormones of ovaries and testes |
| Insulin | decreases blood sugar levels by accelerating transport of glucose into body cells where it is converted to glycogen or fat |
| Glucagon | antagonistic to insulin, stimulates the liver to break down its glycogen stores to glucose and release glucose to the blood |
| Estrogen | secondary sex char. of females at puberty, act with progesterone to bring about cyclic changes in uterine lining during menstrual cycle, prepare mammary glands for lactation |
| Progesterone | acts with estrogen to bring about menstrual cycle, helps maintain uterine musculature during pregnancy, helps to prepare breast tissue for lactation |
| Testosterone | promotes maturation of reproductive system accessory structures, brings about development of male secondary sex char. at puberty, responsible for sexual libido |
| Thymosin and Thymopoietin | help direct maturation and specialization of Tcells, a type of white blood cell |
| Melatonin | plays role in biological rhythms (mating and migratory behavior), role in humans controversial |
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