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Anatomy Dani Hixon
Chapters 1 and 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Describe how science develops new principals | using detailed observations and vigorous tests, or experiments, to analyze each idea or hypothesis until a reasonable conclusion can be made |
| Define anatomy and phisiology | 2. Anatomy is the study of the structure of an organism and the relationships of its parts. Physiology is the scientific study of the body functions of the living organism and its parts. |
| List three ways phisiology can be subdivided as a scientific discipline | (1) the type of organism involved, (2) the organizational level studied, and (3) a specific, or systemic, function being studied |
| What name is used to describe the study of the body that focuses on groups of organs that have a common funtion? | systemic anatomy |
| What is an eponym? | a term that is based on a person’s name |
| What single criterian might be used to define life? | Autopoiesis defines life; organisms are self-organizing or self-maintaining |
| Metabolism | Metabolism is the sum of all physical and chemical reactions in the body |
| What are the seven levels of organization? | The seven levels of organization are chemical, organelle, cellular, tissue, organ, system, and organism |
| Name some organelles | mitochondria, Golgi apparatus, nucleus, ribosome, endoplasmic reticulum, vacuole, and lysosome |
| What are the four major tissue types? | epithelial, connective, muscular, and nerve |
| What are the 11 major organ systems ? | integumentary, skeletal, muscular, nervous, endocrine, cardiovascular, lymphatic, respiratory, digestive, urinary, and reproductive |
| Superior | toward the head or upper or above |
| Inferior | toward the feet or below |
| Anterior | in front of |
| Posterior | behind in back of |
| Medial | toward the midline or middle |
| Lateral | to the side or away from the midline |
| Anatomical direction | IS always from the patients body |
| The three major planes used to divide the body into parts are | sagittal, coronal (frontal), and transverse planes. |
| What are the two major subdivisions of the body? | axial and appendicular |
| What is homeostasis? | It is the relatively constant state maintained by the body |
| What are the basic components of every feedback control system? | The sensor mechanism, the integrator or control center, the effector mechanism, and the feedback. The variable is the physiology characteristic being controlled by the feedback loop and the set point value is the “normal” value for the variable. |
Created by:
Dani Hixon
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