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Cgunderson
A&P Weeks 6-12
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Afferent Neuron | Neuron that carries impulses toward the central nervous system from the periphery; sensory neuron. |
| Efferent Neuron | Nerve cell that transmits impulses away from the central nervous system to or toward muscles or glands; motor neuron. |
| Blood Pressure | Hydrostatic pressure of blood in the vessels, expressed as systolic pressure over diastolic pressure (e.g., 120/80 mm Hg). |
| Action Potential | Nerve impulse; membrane potential fluctuation of an actively conducting axon. |
| Amine | Organic compound containing nitrogen; neurotransmitter synthesized from amino acid molecules. |
| Catecholamine | Chemical category of neurotransmitters that include norepinephrine, epinephrine, and dopamine. |
| Blood-Brain Barrier | Structural and functional barrier formed by astrocytes and blood vessel walls in the brain; it prevents some substances from diffusing from the blood into brain tissue. |
| Cerebellum | Second largest part of the human brain; plays an essential role in the production of normal movements. |
| Antibody | Plasma protein produced by B lymphocytes that destroys or inactivates a specific substance (antigen) that has entered the body. |
| Antigen | Substance, usually a protein fragment, that causes an immune response. |
| Bile | Mixture of excretions and secretions produced by the liver and released into the digestive tract; also called gall. |
| Electrolyte | Substance that dissociates into ions in solution, rendering the solution capable of conducting an electric current. |
| Lymph | Watery fluid drained from the tissue spaces that returns excess fluid and protein molecules to the blood via the lymphatic vessels. |
| Lymph Node | Small structure that performs biological filtration of lymph on its way to the circulatory system. |
| Innate Immunity | Type of immunity that exists prior to exposure to a specific antigen and that can recognize and destroy a variety of harmful agents or conditions; also called nonspecific immunity. |
| Adaptive Immunity | Type of immunity in which specific antigens or particles are recognized, then targeted for destruction; also called acquired immunity or specific immunity. |
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cgunderson
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