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Anatomy
Week 1-5
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Walter B. Cannon | Term homeostasis coined by American physiologist |
| Homeostasis | used to describe the relatively constant states maintained by the body—internal environment around body cells remains constant |
| Homeostasis | Body adjusts important variables from a normal set point in an acceptable or normal range; fluctuation with limits is normal |
| Examples of homeostasis | 1. Temperature regulation 2. Regulation of blood carbon dioxide level 3. Regulation of blood glucose level |
| Homeostatic Control Mechanisms | A. Feedback loops B. Basic components of control mechanisms C. Negative feedback in control systems D. Positive feedback in control systems E. Changing the set point F. Feed-forward in control systems |
| Levels of Control | 1. Levels of Control 2. Intrinsic control (autoregulation) 3.Extrinsic control |
| Protons | p+ |
| Neutrons | N0 |
| Electrons | E- |
| atomic number | The number of protons in an atom’s nucleus, called its |
| ENERGY LEVELS | The total number of electrons in an atom equals the number of protons in its nucleus |
| octet rule | Atoms with fewer than eight electrons in the outer energy level will attempt to lose, gain, or share electrons with other atoms to achieve stability. This tendency is called |
| do not satisfy the octet rule | Hydrogen, carbon, and oxygen will react chemically because |
| Isotopes of an element | contain the same number of protons but different numbers of neutron |
| atomic weight | refers to the average mass number for a particular element based on the typical proportion of different iso-topes found in nature. |
| ATTRACTIONS BETWEEN ATOMS | 1. Chemical Bonds 2. Ionic Bonds 3.Covalent Bonds |
| Chemical Bonds | Interactions between two or more atoms occur largely as a result of activity between electrons in their outermost energy level. |
| ionic, or electrovalent, bond | A chemical bond formed by the transfer of elec-trons from one atom to another is called. |
| ionic, or electrovalent, bond | a bond occurs as a result of the attraction between atoms that have become electrically charged by the loss or gain of electrons. |
| ionic bond | It is important to remember that ions can be positively or nega-tively charged and that ions with opposite charges are attracted to each other. |
| An ionic bond | is simply the strong electrostatic force that binds the positively and negatively charged ions together in a crystal. |
| Ossicles | are small bones in the middle ear responsible for the amplification and transmission of vibrations from the outer ear to the inner ear. |
Created by:
Jarabes
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