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Stephanie Belk
Week 6: Assignment - StudyStack Set 1
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Anatomy | n defined as study of the structure of an organism and the relationships of its parts. |
| Physiology | science that deals with the functions of the living organism and its parts. |
| Mitochondria | the “powerhouses” of cells that provide energy needed by the cell to carry on day-to-day function-ing, growth, and repair |
| Golgi apparatus | set of sacs that provides a “packaging” service to the cell by storing material for future internal use or for export from the cell |
| Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) | etwork of channels within the cell that act as “highways” for the movement of chemicals and as sites for chemical processing |
| Medial | “toward the midline of the body” |
| Proximal | “toward or nearest the trunk of the body, or nearest the point of origin of one of its parts”; |
| lateral | “toward the side of the body, or away from its midline.” |
| distal | “away from or farthest from the trunk or the point of origin of a body part.” |
| FEEDBACK LOOPS | A feedback loop is a biological occurrence wherein the output of a system amplifies the system |
| Afferent | a signal is traveling toward a particular center or point of reference |
| efferent | s that the signal is moving away from a center or other point of reference. |
| Negative feedback | help the body maintain a stable, or homeostatic, condition |
| Positive feedback | tends to amplify or rein-force the change that is occurring. |
| Diffusion | Refers to a natural phenomenon caused by the tendency of small particles to spread out evenly within any given space. |
| Osmosis | is the movement of water through a semipermeable mem-brane |
| Metabolism | all of the chemical reactions that occur in body cells; informally called body chemistry |
| Catabolism | Chemical reactions that break down complex compounds into simpler ones and release energy; hydrolysis is a common catabolic reaction |
| Anabolism | Chemical reactions that join simple molecules together to form more complex molecules |
| Molecule | two or more atoms covalently joined together |
| Compound | groupings of atoms of two or more elements |
| Epithelial tissue | covers and protects the body surface, lines body cavities, specializes in moving substances into and out of the body or particular organs (secretion, excretion, and absorption), and forms many glands. The cells in epithelial tissue are usually very close |
| Connective tissue | functions to support the body and its parts, connect and hold them together, transport substances through the body, and protect it from foreign invaders. |
| Muscle tissue | produces movement; it moves the body and its parts. Muscle cells are adapted for contractility and pro-duce movement by shortening or lengthening the contractile units found in cytoplasm. Muscle tissue also produces most of the heat of the body. |
| Nervous tissue | e may be the most complex tissue in the body. It specializes in communication among the various parts of the body and in integration of their activities. This tissue’s major function is the generation of complex messages that coordinate the body functions |
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