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Anatomy @ Final Prep

Final Exam Preparation for Anatomy @ 1

QuestionAnswer
The body as a whole can be subdivided into two major divisions. They are axial and appendicular.
The knee is ________ to the foot. proximal
Which structure is located entirely within the right upper quadrant? gallbladder
_____ refers to an inner region of an organ, whereas _____ refers to an outer region or layer of an organ. Medullary; cortical
Which organ is not found in the ventral body cavity? spinal cord
The sternal region is ________ to the scapular region. anterior
An x-ray technician has been asked to make x-ray films of the liver. Which of the abdominopelvic regions must be included? Right hypochondriac, epigastric, and left hypochondriac
Which of the following is not one of the characteristics of life? Balance
The abdominopelvic cavity contains all of the following except the: heart.
If your reference point is “farthest from the trunk of the body” versus “nearest to the trunk of the body,” where does the knee lie in relation to the ankle? Proximal
Which of the following does not describe anatomical position? Arms extended from the shoulders, palms up
The mediastinum contains all of the following except the: right lung.
Two major cavities of the human body are: ventral/dorsal.
From smallest to largest, the levels of organization of the body are: chemical, organelle, cellular, tissue, organ, system, organism.
The reproductive system includes all of the following except the: ureter.
The plane that divides the body into upper and lower parts is the _____ plane. transverse
Electrolytes are: called cations if they have a positive charge.
A weak acid: dissociates very little in solution.
A force holding two atoms together is a(n) chemical bond.
For sodium to transform from a neutral atom to a positive ion, it must: lose an electron.
The most abundant element essential to life is carbon.
The reaction between hydrogen and oxygen needed to form water is an example of a: synthesis reaction.
The total number of electrons in a neutral atom equals the number of: protons in its nucleus.
An atom can be described as chemically inert if its outermost electron shell contains _____ electrons. eight
Ionic bonds are chemical bonds formed by the: transfer of electrons from one atom to another.
Which subatomic particles carry a charge? Protons and electrons
The type of chemical reaction most likely to require energy is a(n) _____ reaction. synthesis
Hydrogen bonds result from unequal charge distribution on a molecule. Such molecules are said to be polar.
As the concentration of hydrogen ions increases, the pH goes _____, and the solution becomes more _____. down; acidic
Which of the following is not one of the major elements present in the human body? Zinc
Atomic mass is determined by the number of: protons and neutrons.
The atomic number of carbon is 6. How many unpaired electrons are in its outer shell? Four
A magnesium atom has an atomic number of 12, an atomic mass of 25, and a +2 charge. This atom would contain _____ protons, _____ neutrons, and _____ electrons. 12; 13; 10
Carbon has an atomic number of 6. The number of electrons found in the first shell is: two.
Which of the following represents a trace element in the body? Iron
The hydrogen isotope tritium consists of: one proton and two neutrons.
The formation of sucrose involves the removal of a molecule of water. This is called: dehydration synthesis.
The octet rule refers to the: stability of the atom when there are eight electrons in the outermost energy level.
An ionic bond is formed by: a positive and a negative ion attracting each other.
Substances that accept hydrogen ions are called: bases.
In the matrix of the plasma membrane, a variety of proteins are embedded. Some of these proteins serve as passageway for Na+ ions or glucose. These proteins are called transport proteins.
Phospholipids of the plasma membrane are arranged as a bilayer with their nonpolar tails sandwiched between the polar heads.
Which area of the cytoplasm near the nucleus coordinates the building and breaking of microtubules in the cell? centrosome
This organelle is primarily a sac of powerful digestive enzymes called acid hydrolases. lysosome
Ribosomes are organelles that float in the cytoplasm and attach to the endoplasmic reticulum.
This organelle has both a cis and a trans face. Golgi apparatus
This membranous organelle is the site of protein synthesis for proteins that are secreted by the cell. rough endoplasmic reticulum
This organelle is characterized by folded membranes called cristae. mitochondria
Which of the following statements about integral proteins in the plasma membrane is false? They are more abundant by volume than the membrane phospholipids.
Which of the following is not a cytoskeleton element? centriole
Which of the following is not a function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum? Provides a site for ribosome attachment
Which of the following is not true of the rough endoplasmic reticulum? It makes lipids and carbohydrates.
The nucleolus is composed chiefly of: rRNA.
The structure that separates the contents of a cell from the surrounding tissue is known as: plasma membrane.
Which are the organelles that allow for the recycling of amino acids in the cell? Proteasomes
Which cell extension lacks a central pair of microtubules, is not found in blood cells, and functions in the kidney to monitor urine flow? Primary cilium
Which of the following organelles is considered a nonmembranous organelle? Ribosome
The ____ is often called the microtubule organizing center. centrosome
The identification function of the cell membrane is carried out by the: glycoprotein molecules.
Which of the following is not true about ribosomes? Surrounded by a membrane structure
Which organelles consist of vesicles that have pinched off from the Golgi apparatus? Lysosomes
The connective tissue membranes that line the spaces between bones and joints are called _____ membranes. synovial
Of the many different kinds of protein compounds in the body, which is the most abundant? collagen
The strongest and most durable type of cartilage is fibrocartilage.
Besides water, extracellular matrix contains proteins and proteoglycans.
The skin glands include three kinds of microscopic glands. They are the __________ glands. sweat, sebaceous, and ceruminous
Which of the following is the most superficial layer of the epidermis? stratum corneum
Fibrocartilage can be found in the symphysis pubis.
Which bone serves as the keystone in the architecture of the cranium? sphenoid
Which of the following is a bone in the axial skeleton? vertebra
The joint between the pubic portions of each coxal bone is the pubic symphysis.
Which of the following is(are) not in the appendicular skeleton? vertebrae
The dense, white fibrous membrane that covers bone except at joint surfaces is the periosteum.
Created by: alainlemesse
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