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Gastrointestinal sys

QuestionAnswer
Parts of the GIT Oral cavity Pharynx Oesophagus Stomach Small intestine Colon (large intestine) Rectum Anus
Additional organs of GIT Salivary glands (produce saliva to aid in digestion and chewing) Liver ( Biggest gland resp for filtration of any metabolic waste form digestive system) Gall bladder (stores excess bile) Pancreas (endocrine organ excreting insulin and enzymes)
illiocecul junction Point where small intestine opens up into the large intestine
Which structure separates the thoracic cage from the abdomen Diaphragm
Abdominopelvic cavity From diaphragm to anterior superior iliac spine= abdomen From anterior superior iliac spine to pelvic diaphragm= pelvis
Peritoneal cavity peritoneum (connective tissue) Secretes fluid and holds organs of abdomen together.
intra peritoneal organ surrounded by peritoneum
Retro peritoneum organ Anterior or posterior surface or no covering by peritoneum
Rectus abdominus origin Pubic symphysis, Pubic crest
Rectus abdominus insertion Costal cartilages of ribs 5-7 and the xiphoid process
Nerve supply of rectus abdominis T7-T12
Function of rectus abdominis Flexes the vertebral column, compresses abdominal contents, tenses abdominal wall.
Blood supply of rectus abdominus Superior and inferior epigastric artery and veins
External oblique muscle origin Ribs 5 to 8
External oblique insertion Lateral iliac crest Aponeurosis at linea alba
External oblique nerve supply Spinal T7-T12
External oblique function Compression of abdominal content Anterior and lateral flexes the abdominal content Anterior and lateral flexes vertebral column Rotate the trunk to opposite side
Blood supply Of external oblique Deep circumflex iliac artery and vein
Internal oblique origin Thoracolumbar fascia iliac crest Lateral 2/3 of inguinal ligament
Internal oblique Insertion Ribs 8-10 Aponeurosis at linea alba Pubic crest Pectineal line
Nerve supply of internal oblique T7-T12, L1
Function of internal oblique Compression of abdominal content Anterior and lateral flexes the vertebral column Rotate trunk to the same side
Blood supply of internal oblique Subcostal artery and vein
Pathway of lymph drainage from internal and external iliac nodes External and internal iliac nodes>common iliac nodes>lumbar> nodes>hepatic nodes >coaliac nodes NB!! all these lymph nodes drain into cisterna chyli
To which nodes do organs of the abdomen drain to? Lumber lymph nodes
Peritoneum Continuous transparent serous membrane which lines the abdominal cavity (parietal peritoneum) and covers the viscera (visceral peritoneum). In the peritoneal cavity > peritoneal fluid.
Intra peritoneal organs Completely covered in visceral peritoneum and are minimally moveable
Retroperitoneal organs Has visceral peritoneum on part of the organ or not covered at all.
Blood supply: Paired branches to abdominal wall lumbar artery
Blood supply: paired branches to paired glands or organs Renal artery/ gonadal artery
Blood supply: unpaired branches to digestive tract Celiac trunk, (superior and inferior) mesentery artery
Branches of the celiac trunk Left gastric artery (supplies the lesser curvature of stomach), Common hepatic artery, Splenic artery
Which artery supplies the adrenal gland Suprarenal artery
Kidneys are supplied by renal arteries
Why are arteries behind veins For protection so that you do not bleed out when trauma happens
Inferior vena cava drains blood below the diaphragm, except... the digestive organs/system
Where do digestive organs drain into? Into portal vein which then enters the liver where blood is detoxified then travels out of liver via hepatic veins to the inferior vena cava and back to heart
Oesophageal constriction. Pharyngeosophageal junction arch of aorta Diaphragmatic constriction
What drains into major duodenal papilla Bile duct
Why does jejunum have thicker mucous membrane Cause it has to absorb more nutrients,.NB! it also has a richer blood supply.
Thickened ligament that allows the large intestine to stretch and expand as well as contract Tenia coli
Created by: Brenty
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