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HBS Neurons
neurons
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Axon | Function: it is where electrical impulses from the neuron travel away to be received by other neurons. Location: in the center of the cell between the soma and axon terminals |
| Dendrite | Function: to receive communications from other cells Location: at the beginning of a neuron coming out of the cell body |
| Schwann Cells | Function: maintaining the peripheral nervous system Location: on the axon from the cell body to the axon terminals |
| Myelin Sheath | Function: allows electrical impulses to transmit quickly and efficiently along the nerve cells Location: wrapped around each schwann cell |
| Neurotransmitters | Function: carry chemical signals (“messages”) from one neuron (nerve cell) to the next target cell Location: in the axon terminals |
| Cell Body | Function: contains genetic information, maintains the neuron's structure, and provides energy to drive activities Location: the region containing the nucleus |
| Axon Terminals | Function: to release the neurotransmitters of the presynaptic cell Location: at the end of the axon |
| Node of Ranvier | Function: allow the generation of a fast electrical impulse along the axon Location: where the axon is exposed between the schwann cells |
| Secondary Messenger | Function: responsible for the proliferation, differentiation, and maturation of nerve cells and provide a direct connection between signaling molecules Location: in resting cells |
| Synapse | Function: connects sensory organs, like those that detect pain or touch, in the peripheral nervous system to the brain Location: connection between an axon and a dendrite |
| Dopamine | Function: allowing you to feel pleasure, satisfaction and motivation Location: midbrain nuclei |
| Serotonin | Function: mood, sleep, digestion, nausea, wound healing, bone health, blood clotting and sexual desire Location: peripheral nervous system |
| Vesicles | Function: store various neurotransmitters that are released at the synapse Location: axon |
| Receptors | Function: transmit the actions of bound neurotransmitters, thus enabling cell-to-cell communication in the nervous system Location: n the plasma membrane of postsynaptic cells (in some cases also in the presynaptic terminal) |
| Action Potential | Function: providing for—or with regard to saltatory conduction, assisting—the propagation of signals along the neuron's axon toward synaptic boutons situated at the ends of an axon |
| Sodium Potassium Pump | Function: helps to maintain osmotic equilibrium and membrane potential in cells Location: membrane |
| Depolarization | Function: movement of a cell's membrane potential to a more positive value |
| Repolorization | Function:the change in membrane potential that returns it to a negative value just after the depolarization phase of an action potential which has changed the membrane potential to a positive value |
| Diffusion | Function: transfer of chemical signals from one neuron to another during neurotransmission |
| Concentration Gradient | Function: the difference in ion concentrations between the inside of the neuron and the outside of the neuron |
| Reflex Arc | Function: controls a reflex |
| Reflex vs. Reaction | Reactions are voluntary responses whereas reflexes are involuntary or unintentional |
| Electroencephalogram (EEG) | Function: a recording of brain activity |
| Electromyogram (EMG) | Function: to assess the health of muscles and the nerve cells that control them (motor neurons) |
| Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Scan | Function: help reveal the metabolic or biochemical function of your tissues and organs |
| Computerized Tomography (CT) Scan | Function: create cross-sectional images (slices) of the bones, blood vessels and soft tissues inside your body |
| X-Ray | Function: produce images of internal tissues, bones, and organs on film or digital media |
| Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) | Function: a noninvasive way for your doctor to examine your organs, tissues and skeletal system |
Created by:
kennedy563084
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