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App and Fetal Skelet
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| clavicle | a long bone that makes up part of the shoulder girdle (pectoral girdle). |
| medial(=sternal) end | rounded end of the clavicle |
| lateral (=acromial) end | flattened end of the clavicle |
| scapula | shoulder blade |
| superior angle | formed by the junction of the superior and vertebral borders, is thin, smooth, rounded, inclined somewhat lateralward, and gives attachment to a few fibers of the Levator scapulae. |
| superior border | the shortest and thinnestit is concave, and extends from the medial angle to the base of the coracoid process. |
| suprascapular notch | a notch in the lateral part of the upper border of the scapula, just next to the base of the coracoid process. |
| acromion process | the enlarged, roughened end of the spine of the scapula |
| coracoid process | points anteriorly over the tip of the shoulder joint and serves as an attachment point for some of the upper limb muscles |
| glenoid fossa | a shallow socket that receives the head of the arm bone, is located in the blunted lateral angle |
| lateral border | axillary |
| subscapular fossa | the anterior shallow depression of the scapula |
| inferior angle | provides a landmark for auscultating lung sounds |
| medial border | vertebral border of the scapula |
| supraspinous fossa | a shallow depression anterior of the scapula. |
| spine of scapula | a prominent plate of bone, which crosses obliquely the medial four-fifths of the scapula at its upper part, and separates the supra- from the infraspinatous fossa. |
| infraspinous fossa | a shallow depression posterior of the scapula |
| humerous | a typical long bone of the arm |
| greater tubercle | prominence opposite the head medially of the humerous |
| lesser tubercle | prominence opposite the head laterally of the humerous |
| head (humerous) | the part of the humerous that fits into the shallow glenoid cavity of the scapula |
| surgical neck (humerous) | the more constricted area that separates the head from the shaft |
| intertubercular groove | a groove that guides the tendon of the biceps muscle to its point of attachment |
| deltoid tuberosity | the roughened area at the midpoint of the shaft of the humerous where the large fleshy shoulder muscle attaches |
| medial epicondyle | the funny bone |
| lateral epicondyle | a small, tuberculated eminence, curved a little forward, and giving attachment to the radial collateral ligament of the elbow-joint, and to a tendon common to the origin of the Supinator and some of the Extensor muscles |
| capitulum | articulates with the radius of the forearm |
| coronoid fossa | a small depression above the trochlea on the anterior surface |
| trochlea | articulates with the ulna |
| olecranon fossa | a small depression above the trochlea on the posterior surface |
| radius | one of the bones in the forearm that is in the lateral position of the forearm |
| head (radius) | disc-shaped that articulates with the capitulum of the humerous |
| neck (radius) | space just below the head on the radius |
| radial tuberosity | a prominence that is the point of attachment for the tendon of the biceps muscle of the arm |
| styloid process (radius) | a conical prolongation of the lateral surface of the distal extremity of the radius that gives attachment to several tendons and ligaments |
| ulna | the medial bone of the forearm |
| olecranon process | a hook-like structure that fits into the olecranon fossa large depression, formed by the olecranon and the coronoid process, and serving for articulation with the trochlea of the humerus |
| trochlear notch | a large depression, formed by the olecranon and the coronoid process, and serving for articulation with the trochlea of the humerus. |
| coronoid process | a triangular eminence projecting forward from the upper and front part of the ulna. |
| styloid process (ulna) | serves as a point of attachment for the ligaments of the wrist |
| phalanges (distal, middle, and proximal) | bones of the fingers |
| metacarpals | bones of the palm |
| carpals (hamate, pisiform, triangular, lunate, trapezoid, trapezium, scaphoid, and capitate) | bones of the wrist |
| iliac crest | rough superior margin of the iliac bone |
| sacrum | a large, triangular bone at the base of the spine and at the upper and back part of the pelvic cavity, where it is inserted like a wedge between the two hip bones |
| coccyx | tailbone, finale formation of the vertebral column |
| sacroiliac joint | the joint in the bony pelvis between the sacrum and the ilium of the pelvis, which are joined together by strong ligaments |
| os coxa | appendicular hip bone |
| pelvic brim | the opening delineated by the sacral promontory posteriorly and the arcuate lines of the ilia anterolaterally |
| pubic arch | the notch formed by the inferior rami of the two conjoined pubic bones as they diverge from the midline |
| pubic symphysis | the midline cartilaginous joint (secondary cartilaginous) uniting the superior rami of the left and right pubic bones |
| true pelvis | the region inferior to the arcuate line that is almost entirely surrounded by bone |
| false pelvis | that portion superior to the arcuate line; it is bounded by the alae of the ilia laterally and the sacral promontory and lumbar vertebrae posteriorly |
| ilium | a large flaring bone that forms the major portion of the coxal bone |
| ischium | the "sit-down" bone, forming the most inferior and posterior portion of the coxal bone |
| pubis | the most anterior portion of the coxal bone |
| anterior superior iliac spine | where the iliac crest terminates anteriorly |
| anterior inferior iliac spine | located below the anterior superior iliac spine |
| posterior superior iliac spine | where the iliac crest terminates posteriorly |
| posterior inferior iliac spine | located below the posterior superior iliac spine |
| greater sciatic notch | allows nerves and blood vessels to pass to and from the thigh. includes the sciatic nerve |
| ischial spine | suuprior to the ischial tuberosity, it is an important anatomical landmark of the pelvic cavity |
| lesser sciatic notch | allows nerves and blood vessels to pass to and from the thigh |
| ischial tuberosity | most outstanding marking on the ischium and receives the weight of the body when sitting |
| obturator foramen | through which blood vessels and nerves run from the pelvic cavity into the thigh |
| acetabulum | socket which receives the head of the thigh bone |
| head (femur) | articulates with the hip bone via the deep, secure socket of the acetabulum |
| neck (femur) | constricted and angles laterally to join the staff |
| greater tronchanter | located at the junction of the shaft and neck of the femur |
| lesser tronchanter | located at the junction of the shaft and neck of the femur |
| intertrochanteric line | a line located on the anterior side of the proximal end of the femur |
| intertrochanteric crest | a bony ridge located on the posterior side of the head of the femur, stretching obliquely downward and medially from the summit of the greater trochanter to the lesser trochanter |
| lateral condyle | one of the two projections on the lower extremity of femur. It is the more prominent and is the broader both in its antero-posterior and transverse diameters. |
| medial condyle | larger than the lateral (outer) condyle due to more weight bearing caused by the center of gravity being medial to the knee |
| intercondylar notch | slightly prominent, and are separated from one another by a smooth shallow articular depression called the patellar surface |
| intercondylar eminence | receives the distal end of the femur to form the knee joint |
| lateral condyle (tibia) | the lateral portion of the upper extremity of tibia |
| medial condyle (tibia) | the medial portion of the upper extremity of tibia |
| tibial tuberosity | a roughened protrusion on the anterior tibial surface and is the site of attachment of the patellar ligament |
| medial malleolus | forms the inner buldge of the anke and the smaller distal end articulates with teh talus bone of the foot |
| head (fibula) | lies parallel to the tibia, but takes no part in forming the kneecap |
| lateral malleolus | forms the outer part, or lateral bulge, of the ankle |
| phalanges (distal, middle, and proximal) foot | forms the toes |
| metatarsals (foot) | form the instep of the foot |
| tarsals (medial cuneiform, intermediate cuneiform, lateral cuneiform, navicular, cuboid, talus, and calcaneus) | bones of the foot |
| fontanels of the skull (anterior, posterior, sphenoidal, and mastoid) | indentations between the bones of the fetal skull are fibrous membranes |
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wacdmc
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