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Tissue

Tissues, cells, and others

QuestionAnswer
Tissue A group of cells with a common embryonic origin performing a specific function
Histology The study of tissue
Epithelial tissue Covers body surfaces, lines body cavities and forms ducts and glands
Connective tissue Binds and support the body, holds organs together, protects and stores energy
Muscular tissue Contractive tissue, creates force for movement
Nervous tissue Conducts electrochemical impulses
Characteristics of Epithelial tissue -They are tightly packed cells with little or no extracellular space. -They are avascular, so they have no blood vessels. -Contains a basement membrane which helps to hold the tissue to other tissue.
Epithelial cells shapes Squamos are flat, scale-like shaped cells found in the epidermis, hair, and nails Cuboidal are box or cubed-shaped cells that are found in the tubes, ducts, and glands Columnar are column or rectangular-shaped cells that lines the respiratory system
Simple Epithelium cell layer They are one single layer that absorbs, diffuse, and filtrates. They are wear and tear/ not strong. They are found in the capillaries and alveoli (air sacks in lungs)
Stratified Epithelium cell layer They are cells stacked in many layers with high degree of wear and tear/ strong. They are used for protection and are founded in the epidermis of the skin, hair, and nails.
Pseudostratified Epithelial cell layer They are columnar shaped with one layer of cells, but they look like they have more. They are attached to the basement membrane, and not all of the cells will reach the surface. Many have cilia on the surface and also have goblet cells to secrete mucous.
Transitional Epithelial cell layer They are epithelial cells that change. Ex: Urinary bladder, uterus, and urethra
Connective tissue They are the most abundance type of tissue in the body. They are a binding and supporting tissue. They have lots of extracellular space (matrix) that is filled with protein, fibers, calcium, or plasma. They are extremely vascular (except cartilage)
Adipose tissue They are loose (areolar) connective tissue that contain special cells and adipocytes. Adipocytes are empty cells that stores fat. The tissue functions are energy storage and insulate and protect.
Cartilage They are avascular (no blood vessels or nerves, very slow healing. They are strong and can withstand a lot of force. There are 3 types of cartilage.
Hyaline Cartilage They are the most abundant and have a shiny greyish-white appearance. They cover the ends of all long bones. They reduce friction at the joints. They make up most of the embryonic skeleton and forms costal cartilage in ribs.
Fibrocarilage Their main role is shock absorption and are more flexible and fibrous than hyaline cartilage. They are located at the intervertebral disks, pubis symphysis, and menisci of knees.
Elastic Cartilage They are the structural cartilage, so they provide strength, rigidity, and shape of some of the organs. They are located in the ear, trachea, and nose.
Dense fibrous/true connective tissue 1. Regular arrangement is force in one direction. They are located in the tendon and ligaments 2. Irregular arrangements are multidirectional. They are located in the fascia over muscles, periosteum of bones, and surrounding organs.
Vascular tissue (blood) they are 55% plasma and 45% formed elements (cells) like erythrocytes, leukocytes, and thrombocytes (platelets).
Osseous tissue (bone) They are made of cells called osteons and there are two types of it (compact and spongy).
Types of Tissue Epithelia, connective, muscle, and nervous
Glands They are specialized cells that secrete a substance
Exocrine Glands They are substances that exits the gland through a tube or duct. Ex: Sweat glands, oil glands, salivary glands, and glands that release digestive enzyme
Endocrine Glands They secrete hormones into extracellular spaces where they diffuse into the blood. Ex: pituitary glands, thyroid glands, adrenal glands, testes, and ovaries.
Created by: pawlae
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