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HNA blood supply
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Dural venous sinuses characteristics | Enclosed by separation of outer periosteal/inner meningeal layers of dura mater, lined by vascular endothelium, no valves/muscular tissue, larger cerebral veins -> cerebellar veins -> brainstem veins -> dural venous sinuses -> IJV |
| Diploic veins | Btwn internal/external tables of cranial cavity roof compact bone |
| Emissary veins | Outside cranial cavity -> into cranial cavity -> conduit for infection entry (no valves) |
| Cavernous sinus | Lateral aspect of sphenoid body/pituitary fossa -> contains CN III, IV, Va, Vb, VI and ICA (medial) -> receives intercavernous/ophthalmic/sphenoparietal sinuses |
| Superior sagittal sinus | Crista galli -> runs along superior margin of falx cerebri down cranial vault median groove -> receives superior cerebral, diploic, emissary veins, CSF |
| Inferior sagittal sinus | Posterioinferior border of falx cerebri -> receives cerebral/falx cerebri veins |
| Straight sinus | Junction of falx cerebri/tentorium cerebelli -> receives inferior sagittal/great cerebral vein |
| Confluence of sinuses | Dilated space at internal occipital protuberance -> receives superior sagittal and straight sinuses |
| R/L transverse sinuses | Runs along lateral margin of tentorium cerebelli -> right larger than left |
| R/L sigmoid sinuses | Grooves petrous temporal bone, curves onto occipital bone, passes through jugular foramen -> receives superior petrosal/transverse sinuses inside cranial cavity, receives inferior petrosal outside cranial cavity |
| Intercavernous sinus | Crosses sella turcica to join cavernous sinuses |
| Sphenoparietal sinus | Inferior surface of lesser wings of sphenoid -> receives diploic/meningeal veins |
| Superior petrosal sinus | Edge of tentorium cerebelli near petrous temporal bone -> receives cavernous sinus and drains into sigmoid sinus inside cranial cavity |
| Inferior petrosal sinus | Groove btwn occipital/petrous temporal bone -> receives cavernous sinus and drains into sigmoid sinus/IJV outside cranial cavity |
| Vertebral artery | 1st part of subclavian artery -> transverse foramina of upper 6 cervical vertebrae -> foramen magnum -> gives off small meningeal/posterior inferior cerebellar/posterior spinal/anterior spinal -> joins w/ other to form basilar artery |
| Anterior inferior cerebellar artery | First branch off basilar artery -> gives off labyrinthine artery |
| Labyrinthine artery | Branch of anterior inferior cerebellar artery (branch of basilar) -> runs alongside CN VIII through IAM -> blood to internal ear |
| Pontine arteries | 4 pairs branching off the basilar artery -> supply pons |
| Superior cerebellar artery | Superior to pontine arteries -> branch off basilar -> cause of trigeminal neuralgia |
| Posterior cerebral artery | Terminal branch of basilar artery -> supply occipital lobe -> anastomose w/ posterior communicating artery |
| Posterior communicating artery | 2nd branch of ICA -> part of ICA trifurcation -> connects ICA w/ posterior cerebral artery |
| Ophthalmic artery | 1st branch of ICA -> supplies orbital structures -> occlusion can threaten sight |
| Middle cerebral artery | Terminal branch of ICA -> supplies cerebrum/anterior temporal lobe/insular cortices -> part of ICA trifurcation |
| Anterior cerebral artery | Part of ICA trifurcation -> supplies midline frontal lobe -> connected by anterior communicating artery |
| Anterior communicating artery | Connects anterior cerebral arteries |
| Circle of Willis | Anterior communicating artery, anterior cerebral artery, ICA, posterior communicating artery, posterior cerebral artery |
| ECA branches | Superior thyroid (ant), ascending pharyngeal (medial/deep), lingual (ant), facial (ant), occipital (post), post auricular (post), maxillary/superficial temporal |
| Middle meningeal artery | Branch of ECA maxillary branch -> enters foramen spinosum -> supply dura mater/periosteum -> anterior branch passes deep to pterion -> torn in skull fracture/impact -> epidural haemorrhage |
| Superior thyroid artery | 1st branch of ECA -> supplies thyroid gland, cricothyroid, infrahyoid muscles |
| Lingual artery | 3rd branch of ECA -> medial to greater horns of hyoid -> curves anteroinferiorly -> loop crossed by CN XII -> passes beneath digastric/stylohyoid/hyoglossus -> sublingual space -> ascends to tongue -> supplies tongue/palatine tonsils |
| Facial artery | 4th branch of ECA -> beneath digastric/stylohoid -> enters groove on posterior submandibular gland -> superficial to hypoglossal nerve -> passes superficial to mandible body -> supplies facial muscles |
| Occipital artery | 5th branch of ECA -> supplies trapezius/SCM/occipitofrontalis |
| Maxillary artery | Terminal ECA branch post neck of mandible -> imbedded in parotid gland -> gives off middle meningeal artery -> cross superficial/deep to lateral pterygoid -> pterygopalatine fossa -> gives off sphenopalatine artery, infraorbital artery |
| Superficial temporal artery | Terminal ECA branch post neck of mandible -> imbedded in parotid gland -> supplies temporalis muscle -> pulse felt anterosuperior zygomatic arch |
Created by:
vykleung
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