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5.11 - 5.13 Spinal
All the vertebral terms for class
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Vertebral body | disc shaped, anterior portion of vertebra that bears and transfers weight. |
| Vertebral arch | rounded, posterior portion of vertebra from which all the vertebral processes arise. |
| Process | any projection, or outgrowth on bone |
| Vertebral foramen | large hole in vertebra, when lined up these form the spinal cavity which houses the spinal cord |
| Transverse process of vertebra | processes that extend horizontally away from vertebral body for muscle attachment. |
| Spinous process of vertebra | process that extends posteriorly for muscle attachment |
| Superior articular processes | processes that project upward from one vertebra to articulate with inferior articular processes from the previous, superiorly located vertebra |
| Inferior articular processes | processes that project downward from one vertebra to articulate with superior articular processes of the next, inferiorly located vertebra |
| Cervical vertebrae | series of 7 vertebra found in the area of the neck; features that help identify these are: bifid spinal process & transverse foramen |
| C1 Atlas | vertebra that lacks body and spinous process, articulates with occipital condyles of skull, allows head to nod |
| C2 Axis | vertebra that has a dens/odontoid process projecting superiorly from the body, allows head to rotate |
| Thoracic vertebrae | series of 12 vertebrae found in the area of the rib cage; these giraffe shaped bones have extra facets on the transverse processes and vertebral body for articulating with the ribs |
| Lumbar vertebrae | series of 5 vertebrae found in the lower back; these large vertebrae have short, thick processes; their overall shape resembles a moose |
| Sacrum | formed by 5 fused vertebrae, this is the foundation for the pelvis, contains small foramen for the spinal nerves and blood vessels to pass through. |
| Sacral foramina | holes in sacrum for passage of blood vessels and nerves |
| Coccyx | four vertebrae fused together to form the tailbone |
| Transverse foramen | The openings in the cervical vertebrae for the transmission of the vertebral artery and vein are called the: |
| Dens | tooth-like projection found on C2 that together with C1 allows rotational movement of the skull |
| Bifid spinous process | on cervical vertebrae C3-C5. Forked end of the spinous process |
| Vertebral column | A series of irregularly shaped bones called vertebrae that houses the spinal cord. |
| Intervertebral discs | fibrocartilage pads that separate and cushion the vertebrae |
| Sacral vertebrae | 5 fused vertebrae found in the posterior portion of the pelvis |
| Coccyxgeal vertebrae | 3-4 fused vertebra located inferior to the sacrum |
| Cervical curve | a lordotic curve, develops as the infant learns to balance the weight of the head on the vertebrae of the neck |
| Thoracic curve | A kyphotic curve, accommodates the thoracic organs |
| Lumbar curve | A lordotic curve; balances the weight of the trunk over the lower limbs; it develops with the ability to stand |
| Sacral curve | A kyphotic curve, accommodates the abdominopelvic organs |
| Lordotic | Relating to the normal concvex curvature of the cervical and lumbar spines. |
| Kyphotic | Relating to the normal concave curvature of the thoracic spine. |
| Vertebra | single bone of the spine |
| Vertebrae | mulitiple bones of the spine |
| Scoliosis | abnormal lateral curvature of the spine |
| Kyphosis | excessive kyphotic curvature of the thoracic spine |
| Lordosis | excessive lordotic curvature of the lumbar spine |
Created by:
MrsCSciencetT
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