Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Digestive System
For BIO 202 Lab
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Mouth | The opening where food is taken in and marks the beginning of the digestive tract |
| Teeth | Hard calcified structures that mechanically break down food |
| Oral Cavity | Cavity made up by the mouth, cheeks, and pharynx. |
| Hard Palate | Bony portion of the roof of the mouth, crucial for both feeding and speech |
| Soft Palate | Fleshy portion of the roof of the mouth, controlled by muscles. It plays a role in swallowing and breathing. |
| Tongue | A muscular organ located in the mouth that aids in chewing and speech, and carries many taste buds. |
| Submandibular Salivary Glands | Salivary glands located beneath the floor of the mouth, contributing to a majority of unstimulated saliva production. |
| Sublingual Salivary Glands | The smallest salivary glands that produce 3-5% of salivary volume. Found just below the tongue. |
| Pharynx | The portion of the throat behind the mouth and nasal cavity, leading to both the esophagus and trachea. Composed of the nasopharynx, the oropharynx, and the laryngopharynx. |
| Nasopharynx | The upper portion of the pharynx, extending from the base of the skull to the upper surface of the soft palate. Lies right above the oral cavity. |
| Oropharynx | The middle portion of the pharynx, lying just behind the oral cavity. It is posterior to the base of the tongue and is medial to the tonsils. |
| Laryngopharynx | The lower portion of the pharynx, which connects the throat to the esophagus. It lies below the epiglottis and extends to the location where the throat diverges to the laryngeal and esophageal pathways. |
| Trachea | "Windpipe"; structure of the respiratory system. Lies anteriorly to the esophagus and is reinforced by cartilage to keep the airway open |
| Esophagus | Fleshy tube made of smooth muscle posterior to the trachea that brings a bolus of food down to the stomach via peristalsis |
| Stomach | Hollow muscular pouch that holds food and breaks it down by both mechanical (rugae movement) and chemical (acid) means |
| Greater Curvature | The lower left and lateral border of the stomach. |
| Lesser Curvature | The upper right and medial border of the stomach. |
| Gastric Rugae | Series of ridges found in the stomach, allowing it to expand and absorb nutrients |
| Cardial Region | Portion of the stomach where the contents of the esophagus empty into the stomach |
| Fundic Region | Dome-shaped portion at the top of the stomach that stores gas that may be a byproduct of digestions. |
| Body | The main central region of the stomach |
| Pyloric Region | Lower section of the stomach that empties the contents into the duodenum of the small intestine. |
| Pyloric Sphincter | Ring of smooth muscle in the pyloric region that regulates the passage of food from the stomach to the duodenum. |
| Small Intestine | Long organ between the stomach and the large intestine where much of the absorption of nutrients takes place |
| Duodenum | The first and the shortest section of the small intestine, receiving food directly from the stomach. |
| Jejunum | The second section of the small intestine and the one that does the most absorbing in the small intestine. |
| Ileum | The final portion of the small intestine that absorbs the remaining nutrients not absorbed by the jejunum. |
| Large Intestine | Compacts and reabsorbs water from remaining, unused food material, creating feces |
| Cecum | Pouch that receives chyme from the ileum, and typically considered to be the beginning of the large intestine |
| Ascending Colon | Portion of the colon between the cecum and the transverse colon, where waste climbs up to the transverse colon |
| Transverse Colon | Portion of the colon between the ascending and descending colon, where waste goes from the right to the left |
| Descending Colon | Portion of the colon between the transverse and sigmoid colon, where waste descends to the sigmoid colon. |
| Sigmoid Colon | Portion of the colon that is closest to the rectum and the anus |
| Right Colic Flexure | "Hepatic flexure"--sharp bend of the colon next to the liver, located between the ascending and transverse colon |
| Left Colic Flexure | "Splenic flexure"--sharp bend of the colon next to the spleen, located between the transverse and descending colon |
| Rectum | The final straight portion of the large intestine, acting as a temporary storage for feces |
| Anal Canal | Portion that connects the rectum to the anus, which moves feces to the anal sphincter and out of the body |
| External Anal Sphincter | Flat plane of skeletal muscle fibers surrounding the anus. Can be voluntarily control |
| Taenia Coli | Bands of longitudinal smooth muscle on the surface of the colon. |
| Haustrum | The pouches of the colon that give it its segmented appearance. |
| Liver | Large accessory organ that plays a role in numerous vital functions, such as bile production |
| Right Lobe | Large lobe of the liver, marked by three fossae (one for the portal vein, gallbladder, and the inferior vena cava) |
| Left Lobe | Small flat lobe of the liver, slightly convex and molded on the diaphragm |
| Caudate Lobe | Posterosuperior lobe of the liver, opposite to the tenth and eleventh thoracic vertebra. |
| Quadrate Lobe | Oblong lobe of the liver, bounded by the anterior margin of the liver, behind by the porta hepatis, on the right by the fossa for the gallbladder, and the left by the fossa for the umbilical vein |
| Gallbladder | Small hollow organ where the bile is stored |
| Cystic Duct | Tube that carries bile from the gallbladder |
| Pancreas | Accessory organ of the digestive system that has both exocrine and endocrine functions; secretes insulin and glucagon to regulate blood sugar. |
| Pancreatic Duct | Tube that carries pancreatic juices into the small intestine |
| Mucosa | The innermost layer of the digestive tract, which makes mucus. |
| Submucosa | Thin layer of tissue of the digestive tract that supports the mucosa and joins it to the muscular layer |
| Muscularis Externa | Layer of muscle in the digestive tract that propels food along via peristalsis |
| Serosa | Smooth tissue membrane in the digestive tract that secretes serous fluid to lubricate digestive organs |
Created by:
Rylyn27463
Popular Anatomy sets