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A & P Semester 3
Final
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Mostly liquid mixture of food and digestive enzymes that enters the large intestine | Chyme |
| Best Description of pyelonephritis | Infection of the Nephrons |
| Ways cardiovascular system contributes to tissue healing are: transportation of repair materials, removal of cellular debris and | The Clotting Process |
| (T/F) Watershed is a structural barrier that divides the body into several independent drainage regions | False |
| Portion of the cardiac conduction system passes the impulse across the myocardium of both ventricles | Purkinje Fibers |
| Edema caused by obesity, hypertension, venous insufficiency, and pregnancy's | Dynamic Edema |
| Predictable outcome of untreated anaphylaxis | Hypotension-fainting-shock |
| (T/F)Fluid from the prostrate supports sperm mobility and ensures that semen does not clot | True |
| Similar to plasma, lymph fluid is mostly made up of what two substances | Water and Electrolytes |
| Pacemaker of the cardiac conduction system is located | Wall of Right Atrium |
| Type of hemophilia occurs in women as often as in men | von Willebrand Disease |
| (Male and female reproductive system) the ducts and chambers that carry gamete, as well as, the glands that secret fluids to transport and protect then are | Accessory Reproductive Organs |
| Type of flu was a pandemic in 2009, Can involve very aggressive attacks against healthy young adults; not the typical at-risk population | H1N1 (Swine) Flu |
| Interstitial fluid must flow through pre-lymphatic channels before entering the initial vessels of the lymphatic network in which of these tissues | Epidermis & Endomysium |
| Specific immune system response | Antibodies attach to their target and disable it |
| Fastest route for removing edema from the ankle | Direct it into the popliteal catachment |
| Which of these statements correctly describes the gas exchange of internal respiration | O2 move out of the blood & CO2 moves into it |
| Name of the protective sac that encloses the testes | Scrotum |
| Percentage of total capillary filtrate is reabsorbed into the cardiovascular capillaries | 90% |
| What blood vessels always carry blood TOWARDS the heart | Veins |
| The capillary exchange process where nutrients and fluid flow out of blood and into the interstitium | Filtration |
| Effects of manual therapy on the cardiovascular system are most supported by research | Reduced Ischemia |
| Which of these formed elements is an example of an agranular leukocyte | Lymphocyte |
| The respiratory pump created by breathing has its strongest influence on what portion of blood flow | Venous flow through the ventral cavities |
| Major vessel completes the pulmonary division of circulation by returning oxygenated blood to the heart | Pulmonary vein |
| What happens in the process of lymphoma | Lymph nodes fill with nonfunctioning WBC |
| Form of edema develops as the sequel to cancer treatments that damage or remove lymph nodes | Secondary Lymphoma |
| A factor that makes renal cancer potentially more dangerous | If it penetrates the fascia surrounding the kidney |
| Transmission of antibodies from mother to child is an example of what type of immunity | Naturally acquired passive immunity |
| Type of hemophilia accounts for only about 15% of all cases | Christmas Disease |
| (T/F) Neutrophils, basophils, and eosinophils are all granular leukocytes | True |
| (T/F) Cross-fiber friction is applied to healing tissue in order to mechanically reign collagen fibers | False |
| Your client comes for his regular bimonthly massage, but he is limping. His foot is hot, red, and swollen with streaks up leg. He is hoping massage will help with aching and illness he feels. What is your best option | Contraindication- do NOT see till treated by physician |
| What catchment do lymphotomies on the lateral arm empty into | Terminus |
| The cells, Tissue, and organs of which two body systems carry out most of the immune response in the body | Circulatory and Lymphatic |
| Antimicrobial protein that prevents bacterial proliferation by binding with the iron in the body cells so it is not available to the microbe | Transferrins |
| Why is the muscle layer in arteries thicker than that in veins | It makes then more resilient and creates a recoil important for arterial flow |
| The best description of anaphylaxis | A body-wide allergic reaction leading to hypotension |
| The best description for an allergy | An immune system response to a trigger that is not potentially dangerous |
| Which of these structures are retroperitoneal | Duodenum and pancreas |
| Which of the following is NOT a part of the duct network that carries sperm | Leydig Cells |
| (T/F) Histamine, prostaglandins, and leukotrienes are chemicals released when tissue is damaged to support vasodilation and increase capillary permeability | True |
| Blood vessels connect to larger types of blood vessels | Capillaries |
| Main contributing factor to hemophilia | A genetic mutation causes a shortage of one or more clotting factors |
| (T/F) Some of the essential substances that get reabsorbed by the nephron are water, ammonia, and several types of medication | False |
| New client with diabetes and cardiovascular disease is now in stage V renal failure. He is on transplant list for kidney and on dialysis. Wants a massage to help strain and stress. What is your best option | Client is NOT a good candidate for rigorous massage. Use light touch to NOT change his homeostatic adaptations |
| Which lymphocytes are involved in antibody-medicated immune responses | B-Lymphocytes |
| Which of the following is the best description of lymph flow | Movement of fluid inside the lymph vessel network and returning lymph to the blood |
| (T/F) The cardiovascular system plays a central role in supporting the body as it heals from injury, fights disease, and maintains homeostasis | True |
| Which of the following statements best describes the functions of the lymph nodes | Filters lymph of impurities and act as primary site for immune response |
| (T/F) the diaphragm and intercostal muscles are the primary muscles of ventilation | False |
| Which valve is the left atrioventricular valve | Mitral (bicuspid) |
| This chamber receives blood from the jugular vein and the inferior vena cava | Right Atrium |
| The classification for the organ and tissues that serves as the sites for most of the body's immune response | Secondary Lymphoid Tissue |
| What is an anastomsis | A group of connected collecting capillaries situated along the watershed lines |
| How does the combination of the Swedish massage stroke petrissage and effleurage help reduce traumatic edema | By shifting interstitial fluid into undamaged areas with more blood and lymph vessels |
| Which secondary lymphoid organ serves as a major site for lymphocytes and platelets, plus filters foreign particles and pathogen out of the blood | Spleen |
| The kidney helps regulate both blood pressure and volume by initiating the RAA pathway with the release of what enzyme | Renin |
| The formation of lymph is best described as | Fluid or edema uptake |
| What is the name of the vein that carries blood from the intestine, spleens, and pancreas into the liver for cleansing | Portal |
| What hormone produced by the kidneys is the active form of Vitamin D | Calcitriol |
| Which days in the female reproductive cycle are called the secretion phase | 15 to 28 days |
| What kind of " foreign substance" are in the lymph obligatory load | Dust-Pollen-Bacteria |
| Which of these is the innermost layer of the gastrointestinal tract | Mucosa |
| What is the name for the lympho-venous junction where fluid is returned to the cardiovascular system | Terminus |
| The respiratory membrane is formed by what structure | Alveolar & Capillary wall |
| What vein is most commonly affected by the condition of varicose vein | saphenous |
| (T/F) The only area in the lungs where oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged is the alveoli | True |
| The best description of the location of the kidneys | Superior portion of under 12th rib, inferior edges are level of L3 vertebrae |
| Virtually every cell in the body relies on the circulatory system to perform what functions | Delivery of nutrients; removal of waste |
| Which of these muscles are primary muscles for exhaling | Intercostals & Rectus Abdominus |
| Early signs of cervical cancer include | Nothing: this disease is silent in the early stages |
| Fluid edema uptake depends on what two factors | Negative pressure inside the lymphatic network & opening the epithelial flaps of the initial vessel with light stretch |
| The hallmark sign of bladder cancer | Painless blood in urine |
| The best description of prostrate cancer | Growth of malignant cells in the prostrate gland |
| What is the other term for the subacute phase of tissue healing | Proliferative Phase |
| Systemic circulation begins when the blood leaves the ----- ------ of the heart and enters the -------- | Left ventricle; Aorta |
| 65 year-old client with Hodgkin's Lymphoma 4yr ago is healthier and more active. She recently hurt her back while gardening and wants a massage. What's your best strategy | He cancer is not a pertinent issue. Determine if bone density is healthy to make sure she is a good candidate for massage to assist with back pain relief |
| The name of the heart valve located between the right atrium and ventricle | Tricuspid (right atrioventricular valve) |
| Why is breast cancer often silent in early stages | Breast tissue is loose and growth can develop without putting pressure on the other tissues |
| Function of the pericardium | Acts as a protective covering that secretes serous fluid to decrease friction over heart as it contracts |
| (T/F) Another term for nonspecific immune defense is innate immunity | True |
| What is the cause of the common cold | Any hundreds of different viruses |
| (T/F) Ten percent of capillary filtrate is the obligatory load for the lymphatic system | True |
| Functions of the reproductive system are to produce offspring and | Produce hormone for development of sex cells & Secondary sex traits at puberty |
| Another name for the common cold | Coryza |
| Urinary organ responsible for the carrying urine from the kidneys to the bladder | Ureter |
| (T/F) The most concentrated region of ligand receptor sites are in the limbic system of the brain | True |
| Formed elements in blood plays a key role in blood clotting | Thrombocytes |
| Type of cells make up the islands or nodules inside the lymph node sinuses | Macrophages and other specialized immune cells |
| The successful fertilizations of an egg is dependent on sexual intercourse occurring within a window of 24hr before ovulation and no more than ------ after | 3-4 days |
| How does the use of anti-inflammatory medication contribute to peptic ulcers | These medications suppress the production of protective mucus |
| Digestive process described as the mixing and forward movement of substances through the GI Tract | Motility |
| What is the route of blood flow through all four chambers of the heart if your begin with blood returning from the pulmonary circuit | Left Atrium to Left Ventricle to Right Atrium to Right Ventricle |
| Best description of lymphoma | A blood cancer of mutated lymphatic tissue |
| Condition that is most likely to lead to arterial thrombus and arterial embolism | Atherosclerosis |
| the "Functional Unit" of the urinary system | Nephrons |
| (T/F) The initial vessels of the lymphatic network are located in the epidermis of the skin | False |
| (T/F) All forms of manual therapy are safe and effective treatments for lymphedema | False |
| Blood vessels that always carry blood AWAY from the heart | Arteries |
| Function of primary lymph tissue | Production of lymphocytes |
| Which category of formed element is the most abundant type of cell in the blood | RBC (erythrocytes) |
| (T/F) Blood flow through veins relies on the one-way valves and venous recoil | False |
| (T/F) Memory T-cells function is the same way as memory B-Cells: by remembering a particular antigen | True |
| Which factors are most likely to contribute to gastroesophageal reflux disorder (GERD) | Dysfunction at the lower esophageal valve, Hiatal hernias', slow stomach emptying |
| Statement that best describes the position of the bladder in males | Just anterior to the rectum |
| Function of the enteric nervous system | Regulation of the digestive secretions and motility |
| Changes in the liver when a person has cirrhosis | Working hepatocytes die and scar tissue proliferates |
| (T/F) Natural killer cells are lymphocytes involved in specific immune defenses | False |
| Client recovering from recent aggressive treatment for esophageal cancer, has fatigue, is weak and no appetite. Does massage therapy have a role in this situation | Yes; may improve fatigue and appetite |
| How does the circulatory system help to maintain a stable internal temperature | Capillary dilation & Construction |
| Examples of secondary lymphoid tissue and organs include lymph nodes and spleen, plus: | Tonsils & Peyer Patches |
| The most common contributors to chronic renal failure | Diabetes and Hypertension |
| (T/F) the hormone erythropoietin is produced by the kidneys and is essential for calcium absorption | False |
| What is an allergic reaction | An immune system reaction against the stimulus that is not inherently hazardous |
| (T/F) Cell mediated immunity is also called humoral immunity | False |
| Once processing is complete, urine from several nephrons flows into what structure | Pyramids |
| Where does the process of peristalsis begin | Esophagus |
| The double fold of the peritoneum that supports most of the small intestine via its attachment to the posterior side of the abdominal cavity | Mesentry |
| Where are the chemoreceptors for breathing located | Inside the walls of the carotid & aortic arteries |
Created by:
JML19
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