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A & P Memmler's 12th

Chapter 1 Organization of the Human Body

TermDefinition
Anatomy Study of body structure Dissection
Physiology Study of body function
Pathology Study of disease
Homeostasis Body’s maintenance of internal balance (must be kept with a narrow range)
Negative feedback Keeps body conditions within a normal range by reversing any upward or downward shift.
Sagittal Plane This body plane divides the body in center separating left from right.
Frontal Plane This body plane divides the body into anteriror (front) and posterior (back).
Transverse Plane Thisbody plane divides the body into superior (top) and inferior (bottom).
Pericardial Cavity This cavity contains the heart.
Pleural Cavity This cavity contains the lungs.
Abdominal Cavity This cavity contains the digestive system.
Popliteal The back of the knee.
Plantar The bottom or sole of the foot.
Gluteal The buttocks.
Iliac The hip.
Lumbar The small of the back.
Scapular The shoulder blade.
Occipital The base of the skull.
Parietal The crown of the head.
Pedal The top of the foot.
Tarsal The ankle.
Patellar The knee cap.
Carpal The wrist.
Antecubital The inner elbow.
Axillary The armpit.
Frontal The forehead.
Ocular The eye.
Oral The mouth.
Cephalic The head.
Palmer The palm of the hand.
Umbilical The navel.
Brachial The arm.
Antebrachial The forearm.
Phalangeal The fingers.
Integumentary System This system protects us from injury and infection.
Skeletal System This system is the body's basic framework and contains 206 bones and joints.
Muscular System This system contains muscles that attach to the bones.
Nervous System This system contains the brain and spinal cord and special sense organs (the eyes, ears, taste budsand organs of smell).
Endocrine System This system contains glands that prodcue substances called hormones, which regulate body activities as growth, nutrient, utiliztion, and reproduction.
Cardiovascular System This system contains the heart and blood vessels that pumps blood to all body tissues providing nutrients, oxygen and other substances.
Respiratory System This system includes the lungs and passages leading to and from the lungs.
Digestive System Thsi system is composed of all the organs involved with taking in nutrients (foods) and coverting them into a form that body cells can use and absorb into circulation.
Urinary System This system chief purpose is to rid the body of waste products and excess water.
Reproductive System This system includes sex organs and all related internal structures concerned with the production of offspring.
Lymphatic System This system contains the lymphatic vessels and organs such as tonsils, thymus, and spleen that all play a role in immunity and protecting against disease.
Intracellular The fluid within the cell.
Extracellular The fluid outside the cell.
Variable Any condition that is subject to change.
Systems A group of organs working together for the same general purpose.
Tissues Specialized groups of cells.
Cells Chemicals assembled together.
Organs These are tissues that function together.
Disease A disorder of structure or function in a human body.
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