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Weeks 6-12

Anatomy

QuestionAnswer
The term _____ is used to describe a muscle that directly performs a specific movement. agonist
The muscle that helps hold the scapula against the thorax and is useful in pushing or punching movements is the serratus anterior.
The muscle fascicle arrangement for Orbicularis oris is best characterized as circular.
The long axes of the fascicles run parallel to the long axis of the muscle is a description of this type of fascicle arrangement. parallel
Nerves that contain mostly afferent fibers are called _____ nerves. sensory
Small distinct regions of gray matter in the CNS are called: nuclei.
The part of the nervous system that transmits impulses from the CNS to the skeletal muscle is the: somatic nervous system.
Which of the following is not true of the lateral corticospinal tract fibers? Most inhibit the lower motor neuron.
Cerebrospinal fluid is found in all of the following except the: subdural space.
The brain has _____ major divisions. six
Visceral effectors are innervated by sympathetic fibers. True
All of the following are characteristics of sympathetic preganglionic neurons except they have long fibers from CNS to ganglion.
Largest purely endocrine gland in the body. thyroid gland
Which endocrine gland stores enough of its hormone extracellularly to last several months? the thyroid
Which of the following statements does not correctly describe the spiral organ of Corti? The tectorial membrane bends with vibrations, whereas the basilar membrane is rigid and fixed.
Which of the following minerals is essential for the formation of thyroid hormone? iodine
Pancreatic cell type that produces insulin. beta cells
The normal cardiac impulse that initiates mechanical contraction of the heart arises in the SA node.
A glycoprotein hormone that is secreted to increase oxygen concentration in the tissues is erythropoietin.
During fetal circulation, what opening in the septum, between the right and left atria, directs most of the blood so that it bypasses the fetal lungs? foramen ovale
Neutrophils are highly mobile and phagocytic. They migrate out of blood vessels and into tissue spaces. This process is called diapedesis.
_____ refers to a phenomenon in which the genetic characteristics common to a particular kind of organism provide defense against certain pathogens. Inflammatory response Species resistance
Which antibody is synthesized by immature B cells and then inserted into their plasma membranes? immunoglobulin M
The internal environment of the human body is protected by the _____, which is(are) referred to as the first line of defense. skin
The body’s defense mechanisms can be organized into one of two major categories of immune mechanisms; these are innate and adaptive immunity.
Because T cells attack pathogens more directly, T-cell immune mechanisms are classified as _____ immunity. cell-mediated
The movement of phagocytes from blood vessels to an inflammation site is called diapedesis
The trachea divides at its lower end into two primary bronchi.
The _____ of each lung lies against the ribs and is rounded to match the contours of the thoracic cavity. costal surface
The surface of the respiratory membrane inside each alveolus is coated with a fluid containing surfactant.
Gas exchange occurs only in the alveoli.
If you were to trace the movement of air through the nose into the pharynx, it would pass through the following structures in which order? anterior nares, vestibule, meatus, and posterior nares
A common condition characterized by acute inflammation of the tracheobronchial tree is acute bronchitis.
An inflammation of the lower respiratory tract that involves the airways of the lungs is called pneumonia.
The small leaf-shaped cartilage that projects upward behind the tongue and hyoid bone is the epiglottis.
The trachea, bronchial tree, and lungs make up the lower respiratory tract.
The roof of the nose is separated from the cranial cavity by a portion of the ethmoid bone called the cribriform plate.
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