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Anatomy
Weeks 6-12
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Other than the Pectoralis major. What is another muscle that displays this pattern of fascicle arrangement is Latissimus dorsi. | convergent |
| The point of attachment that does not move when the muscle contracts is the | origin |
| The innermost muscle of the abdominal wall is the | transverse abdominis |
| The fibrous connective tissue that surrounds the entire muscle and is outside the epimysium and tendon is called the | fascia |
| The individual muscle fibers are covered by a connective tissue membrane called the | endomysium |
| Another name for a sphincter muscle is a _____ muscle. | circular |
| A muscle that assists with mastication is the | masseter |
| Which of the following muscles does not move the upper arm? | Trapezius |
| The soleus muscle is an example of a _____ muscle | pennate |
| true or false. There are more than 600 muscles in the body. | true |
| Which of the following statements about the muscles of the thorax is incorrect? | When the diaphragm contracts, it decreases the volume of the thoracic cavity and expels air from the lungs. |
| The muscle(s) assisting in rotating the arm outward is (are) the: | teres minor |
| The _____ of a neuron is a single process that usually extends from a tapered portion of the cell body. | axon |
| The efferent pathways of the autonomic nervous system can be divided into the __________ divisions. | parasympathetic and sympathetic |
| Excitable cells that conduct the impulses are called | neurons |
| Which of the following is not a structural classification of neurons? | polar |
| Which of these glia cells are located in the peripheral nervous system? | Schwann cells |
| Fascicles are held together by a connective tissue layer called the: | perineurium |
| The part of the nervous system that transmits impulses from the CNS to the skeletal muscle is the: | somatic nervous system. |
| Astrocytes attach to | neurons and blood vessels. |
| Which is true of a reflex arc? | It always consists of an afferent neuron and an efferent neuron. |
| Regeneration of nerve fibers will take place only if the cell body is intact and the fibers have: | a neurilemma |
| Interneurons reside in the | CNS only |
| The lower end of the spinal cord, with its attached spinal nerve roots, gives the appearance of a horse’s tail called the | cauda equina |
| Spinal cord tracts provide conduction paths to and from the brain. The tracts that conduct sensory impulses down the cord from the brain are called _____ tracts | descending |
| Formation of the cerebrospinal fluid occurs in the | choroid plexus |
| The dorsal root of each spinal nerve is easily recognized as a swelling called the | dorsal root ganglion |
| The three divisions of the brain that make up the brainstem are the | medulla oblongata, midbrain, and pons |
| Which part of the brain releases the hormone melatonin? | Pineal gland |
| Several “vital centers” are located in the: | medulla |
| The peripheral nervous system includes? | only cranial nerves, spinal nerves, and their branches |
| The spinal nerves are connected to the spinal cord and consist of _____ pairs. | 31 |
| “Fight-or-flight” physiological changes include all of the following except: | constriction of respiratory airways |
| Region of the hypophysis that contains secretory endocrine cells derived from the oral ectoderm. | adenohypophysis |
| Which of the following is not part of the flow of taste sensation along the gustatory pathway to the cerebral cortex? | hypothalamic appetite centers |
| Fluid filling the posterior segment of the eye. | vitreous humor |
| Endolymph is made | in the stria vascularis |
| Which endocrine gland stores enough of its hormone extracellularly to last several months? | the thyroid |
| Which of the following areas has the highest concentration of cones? | the fovea centralis |
| Hormone that inhibits osteoclast activity in children | calcitonin |
| Which types of arteries are also called conducting arteries and include the aorta? | elastic arteries |
| In _____, blood moves from veins to other veins or arteries to other arteries without passing through an intervening capillary network. | vascular anastomoses |
| The normal ECG is composed of all of the following except a | E wave |
| The normal cardiac impulse that initiates mechanical contraction of the heart arises in the | SA node |
| The outermost layer of the larger blood vessels is the tunica. | adventitia |
| During pregnancy, what happens to the oxygenated blood returned from the placenta via the umbilical vein? | It flows into the inferior vena cava |
| Erythrocytes begin their maturation sequence in red bone marrow from nucleated cells known as: | hematopoietic stem cells |
| Which organ has several functions, including defense, hematopoiesis, red blood cell and platelet destruction, and blood reservoir? | spleen |
| Each cortical nodule is composed of packed lymphocytes that surround a less dense area called a | germinal center |
| The presentation of an antigen by an antigen-presenting cell activates the T cell. The cell then divides repeatedly to form a clone of identical sensitized T cells that form | effector T cells and memory cells |
| The movement of phagocytes from blood vessels to an inflammation site is called | diapedesis |
| Which antibody is synthesized by immature B cells and then inserted into their plasma membranes? | immunoglobulin M |
| Chemotaxis is the process by which a cell navigates toward the source of the chemotactic factor by way of | detecting and then moving toward higher concentrations of the factor. |
| In the right lung, the superior and middle lobes are separated by the: | horizontal fissure |
| Which of the following lists the correct sequence of air as it passes through the nose into the pharynx? | Anterior nares vestibule inferior, middle, and superior meatus posterior nares |
| Which of the following is true of the cribriform plate? | It separates the nasal and cranial cavities. |
| The anatomical division of the pharynx that is located behind the mouth from the soft palate above to the level of the hyoid bone below is called the: | oropharynx. |
| The respiratory portion of the nasal passage is lined with a mucous membrane made up of _____ epithelium. | pseudostratified columnar |
| The function of surfactant is to: | prevent each alveolus from collapsing as air moves in and out during respiration. |
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