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Jerulyn
Anatomy Final (Ch 1 to 13)
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| 1. The body as a whole can be subdivided into two divisions. They are? | Axial and Apendicular |
| 1. Anatomy is defined as the study of the ________of a living organism. | Structure |
| 1. A coronal section through the human body can | Pass through both ears |
| 1. An example of a tissue in the body is? | Epithelium |
| 1. The dorsal body cavity is subdivided into a cranial cavity and a spinal cavity. T or F | True |
| 1. Another name for the midsagittal plane is | Median |
| 1. Regarding directional terms, superior means | Toward the head |
| 1. The ________system is involved in immunity | Lymphatic |
| 1. Which organ is not found in the ventral cavity | Heart, SPINAL CORD, LIver Urinary bladder |
| 1. Which branch of anatomy studies the structural changes that occur as one ages? | Developmental anatomy |
| 1. Muscles are ______ in the skin | Deep |
| 1.Physiology is defined as the study of the _____ of a living organism | Function |
| _1.______refers to an inner region of an organ, whereas _______refers to an outer region or layer of an organ | Medullary, cortical |
| 1. The space that encloses the brain and spinal cord forms one continuous cavity called ______ cavity | dorsal |
| 1. The chest is the ____to the abdomen | Superior |
| 1. The gluteal region is ________to the popliteal region | superior |
| 1. As an anatomical region, lumbar refers to the region | The infero-medial aspect of the back |
| 1. The abdominopelvic cavity is subdivided into the ____cavity | Abdominal and pelvic |
| 1. The brain is ____ to the skull. | deep |
| 1. The knee is _____ to the foot. | proximal |
| 1. All of the following are characteristics of human life except | growth, responsiveness, reproduction, SYNTHESIS BY SCIENTIST. |
| 1. The plane that divides the body into front and back portions is the _____ plane | coronal |
| 1. The sternal region is ________to the scapular region | anterior |
| 1. A frontal plane is the same as ______ plane | coronal |
| 1. Which structure is located entirely within the right upper quadrant. | Gallbladder |
| 1q. The Abdominopelvic cavity contains all of the following except | Stomach, pancreas, HEART, reproductive organ |
| 1q.Popliteal refers to the? | area behind the knee |
| The smallest living units of structure and function in the body are | Cells |
| An x-ray technician has been asked to make xray films of the liver. Which of the abdominopelvic regions must be included. | Right hypochondriac, epigastric, and left hypochondriac. |
| Nearer the surface | Superficial |
| Mitochondria, golgi apparatus, and endoplasmic reticulum | Organelles |
| An organ is one oraganizational level higher than | Tissue |
| A surgeon removing a gallbladder should know to find it int he ____ region | Right hypochondriac |
| The number of abdominal regions is | 9 |
| The lungs are located in the | Thoracic cavity |
| Which is not an anatomical position | PInky is lateral as compared to the thumb |
| Not a characteristics of life | Digestion, BALANCE, Conductivity, Circulation, Reproduction. |
| The gallbladder lies in the | Abdominal cavity |
| When many similar cells specialize to perform a certain function, it is referred to as an | Tissue |
| A plane through the body that divides the body into right and left sides are called? | Sagittal |
| Molecules are | Atoms combined to form large chemical qggregates. |
| The mediastinum contains all of the following except for the | trachea, vena cava, RIGHT LUNG, esophagus |
| Two major cavities of the human body are the | ventral/dorsal |
| Reproductive system consists of all the followingexept | ureter |
| A frontal section divides the body into _____ portions | front and back |
| Wrist is ______as compared to the elbow | inferior |
| Sagittl section divides the body into _____ portion | right and left |
| planes that divides the body into upper and lower parts is the | transverse plane |
| From smallest to largest, the levels of organization of the body are | Chemical, organelle, cellular, tissue, organ, system, organism |
| A plane through a body that divides the body into anterior and poserior portions | Coronal |
| Severla kinds of tissue working together are termed | Organ |
| POwerhouse | Mitochondrial |
| The abdominal quadrants are locatedd with what sturcture as therir midpoint. | umbilicus |
| Ionic bonds are chemical bonds formed by the | Transfer of electron from one atom to another. |
| As a result of which reaction during catabolism is a water molecule added to break a larger compound into smaller subunits | Hydrolysis |
| Chemical bonds formed by the sharing of electrons are called | covalent |
| Salts: Electrolytes Will form crystals if the water is removed All of the above | All of the above |
| An atom can be described as chemically inert if its outermost electron shell contains ______ electrons | 8 |
| The water molecule has two distinct ends, each with a partial electrical charge. Because of this structure water is said to be | Polar |
| Which type of chemical reaction results in the breakdown of a complex substance into two or more simpler substances. | decomposition reaction |
| The reaction between hydrogen and oxygen needed to form water is an example of a | synthesis reaction |
| Which of the following is not a subatomic particle that | Radon |
| A substance that cannot be broken down or decomposed into two or more different substances is called a(n) | element |
| Acids, bases, and salts belong to a large group of compounds called | electrolytes |
| For sodium to transform from a neutral atom to a positive ion. it must | lose an electron. |
| The most abundant element essential to life is | carbon |
| Acids | releaes hydrogen ions |
| Which subatomic particles carry a charge | Protons and electrons |
| Hydrogen bonds result from unequal charge distribution on a molecule. such molecules are said to be | polar |
| What decomposition reaction requires the addition of a water molecule to break a bond | hydrolysis |
| As the concentration of hydrogen ions increases, the pH goes _____, and the solution becomes more ______. | down, acidic |
| The ype of chemical reaction most likely to require energy is a(n)____ reaction | synthesis |
| Aweak acid | dissociates very little in solution |
| Hydrolysis______ a water molecule. | breaks down compounds by adding |
| A molecular that is polar can form a hydrogen bond must be ionic has an unequal charge is both aand c | A and C, can form a hydrogen bond and has an unequal charge |
| As the concentration of hydorxide ions (OH) increases, the: solution becomes more basic solution becomes more acidic pH rises Both A and C | Both A and C, solutions become more basic, pH rises |
| A chemical bond formed by the sharing of one or more pairs of electrons between the outer shells of two atoms is called ____ bond | covalent |
| An element that contains the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons is called | isotope |
| Electrolytes are | called cations if they have a positive charge. |
| The element oxygen has an atomic nubmer of 8 which means it contains | 8 protons |
| A force holding two atoms together is a(n) | chemical bond |
| The elements carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen make up which percentge of the human body. | 96% |
| What term is used to describe all of the chemical reactions that occur in body cells | metabolism |
| Atoms with fewer than 8 electrons in the outer energy level will attempt to lose, gain, or share electons with other atoms to achieve stability.. this tendency is called | octet rule |
| The atomic number tells you the n | umber of protons in the nucleus |
| The total number of electrons in a neutral atom equals the number of electrons in a | Protons in its nucleus |
| The octet rules refers to the | Stability of the atom when there are eight electrons in the outermost energy level. |
| The hydrogen isotope tritium consists of | one protons and 2 neutrons. 1p2n |
| The most abundant and important compound in the body | water |
| Which of the following is not one of the major elements present in the human body | Zinc |
| The process of the digestion of food is an example of which type of reaction | Decomposition |
| An exmple of catabolic process is | hydrolysis |
| A negatively charged subatomic particle that moves around the nucleus is | Electron |
| The study of metabolism includes examination of catabolism anabolism ATP Requirement All of the above | All of the above |
| A magnesium atom has an atomic number of 12, an atomic mass of 25, and a -+ charge. This atom would contain ____protons, ___neutrons, and ____electrons. | 12:13:10 |
| Subtances that accept hydrogen ions are called | Bases |
| Whic of the following represents a trace element in the body | Iron |
| The formation of sucrose involves the removal of a molecule of water | Dehydration synthesis |
| Weakest bond | Hydrogen |
| The kind of element is determined by the number of | Protons |
| The study of metabolism includes examination of catabolism anabolism ATP requirements All of the above | All of the above |
| Which of the following is represents properties of water: High specific heat HIgh heat of vaporization Strong polarity All of the above | All of the above |
| The atomic number of carbon is 6, how many unpaired electrons are inthe outer shell. | 4 |
| As the concentration of hydrogen ions (H+) increases, the | solucitons becomes acidic |
| An example of catabolic process is | Hydrolysis |
| An isotope of an element contains different numbers of ____ from other atoms of the same element | neutrons |
| a solutions that contains a greater concentration of hydroxide ions (OH) than hydrogen ions (H+) is an _____ solutions | Alakaline(base) |
| Approximately what percentage of the body weight of an adult female is water | 50% |
| An ionic bond is formed by | a positive and a negative ion attracting each other. |
| Which of hte following elements is least likely to combine with anothr element | Helium |
| Acids; are protns donor taste sour release hydrogen in an aqeous solution All of the above | All of the above |
| Atomic mass is determined by the number of | protons and neutrons |
| The approximate pH of gastric fluid is | 2 |
| An example of an element would be | Ne |
| When atoms combine, they may gain, lose, share? | Electrons |
| In the presence of a base, red litmus paper will | turn blue |
| The organelle has both a cis and a trans face | Golgi apparatus |
| The inside of the cell is composed largely of a gel-like substance called | cytoplasm |
| Phospholipids of the plasma membrane are arranged . | As a bilayer with their nonpolar tails sandwhiched between the polar heads. |
| This organelle is numerous in liver and kidney cells | peroxisome |
| This organelle is characterized by folded membranes called cristae | Mitochondria |
| Ribosomes are organelles that | Float in the cytoplasm and attach to the endosplasmic reticulum |
| Teh membranous organelle contains oxidase and catalse enxymes | peroxisome |
| A major function of the cell membrane is to | control what enters and leaves the cell |
| Cisternae of this organelle are continous with the nuclear envelope | rough endoplasmic reticulum |
| Which of the following cytoskeleton elements are the largest in diameter | microtubules |
| WHich area of the cytoplasm near the nucleus coordinates the building and breaking of microtubules in the cell | centrosome |
| Which type of junction is formed when membrane channels of adjacent plasma membranes adhere to each other | gap unction |
| Often referred to as the "power plant" of the cell, which organelle is the site of ATP production | Mitochondrion |
| This organelle is prmarily a sac of powerful digestive enzymes called acid hydrolases | Lysosome |
| This organelle primarily modifies products fromt eh rough ER, and it resembles a stack of hollow saucers, one cupped inside the next | Golgi apparatus |
| The outer boundary of a human cell is called the | plasma membrane |
| Which of hte following is a type of cell extension that lines the intestines and other areas of the body | microvilli |
| A spherical membranebound structure that contains the genetic material of the cell and is often referred to as a the "command center" of hte cell is called theN | Nucleus |
| The plasma membrane composed of all the following except phospholipids cholesterol glycoproteins tubulinprotein | Tubulin protein |
| Which of the following statement about integral protiens in the plasma membrane is false | They are more abundant by volume than the membrane phospholipids. |
| In the matrix of the plasma membrane, a variety of proteins are embedded . Some of these proteins serve as passageway for Na+ ions or glucose. These proteins are called | transport proteins |
| The only organelle that has a double membrane structure is the | mitochondria |
| Ribosomes may be either free within thy cytoplasm or bound to a membrane system known as the | rough endplasmic reticulum |
| This membranous organelle is the site of protein synthesis for proteins that are secreted by the cell. | Rough endoplasmic reticulum. |
| wHich of the following is not a cytoskeleton element | centriole |
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Jerulyn
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