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A&P-Saladin-10th Ch1
A&P Saladin 10th Edition Chapter 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The study of normal body structures | Anatomy |
| Study of how the body functions | Physiology |
| Feeling for swollen lymph nodes or other structures is called | Palpation |
| Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) | process that allows us to see through bones |
| Study of structures that can be observed WITHOUT a magnifying lens | Histology |
| Tapping on the body and listening for sounds of abnormalities | Percussion |
| Best imaging technique for routinely examining the anatomical development of a fetus | Sonography |
| The study of the structure and function of cells | Cytology |
| Refers to the detailed structure to the level of the **molecule** | Ultrastructure |
| Study of how hormones function | Endocrinology |
| Study of the mechanism of disease | pathophysiology |
| Who proposed the terms Physics, Physiology, and Physician to distinguish natural causes from supernatural causes | Aristotle |
| Physician to the Roman gladiators, learned by dissection of animals. Saw science as a method of discovery. Wrote the most influential medical textbook of the ancient era | Galen |
| Cells were first named by microscopist | Robert Hooke |
| All functions of the body can be interpreted as the effects of ??? | cellular activity |
| Known as the father of modern anatomy. First to publish accurate drawings of the body | Vesalius |
| Most influential medical textbook of the ancient era was written by? | Galen |
| Established a code of ethics for physicians and is considered the Father of Medicine | Hippocrates |
| Methodology common in physiology | Hypothetico-deductive method |
| Methodology common in Anatomy | Inductive Method |
| Process of using numerous observations to develop general principles and predictions about a specific subject. | Inductive Method |
| Discovery of acid-resistant bacterium, Heliobacter pylori, lives in the lining of the stomach, if the bacteria causes ulcers, the treatment with antibiotics SHOULD reduce the ulcer. This line of investigations is an example of | Hypothetico-deductive reasoning |
| the use of controls and statistical testing are two aspects of experimental design that help to ensure | Objective and Reliable results |
| Which process submits a scientist's ideas to the critical judgement of other specialists in the field before the research is funded or published | Peer Review |
| New drug increases short term memory. One group is given the memory pill QD for a semester. Other group got a sugar pill. What is the sugar pill called | Placebo |
| Two groups testing garlic. Group A received garlic 800mg QD for 4months. Group B received no garlic. Group who received no garlic is the | Control Group |
| Individual Scientific FACT has more information than | theory |
| Educated Speculation or a possible answer to a question is what | Hypothesis |
| The greatest amount of information that scientists consider to be true to the best of their knowledge | Theory |
| Study of medicine that traces some of our diseases to our EVOLUTIONARY past | Evolutionary (Darwinian) |
| If a species of animal evolves over generations to grow a large fanlike growth on its back to catch wind and cool its body, this would be an example of responding to | Selection Pressure |
| Define development | |
| Change in the genetic composition of a population over time. IE constant appearance of new strains of influenza virus | EVOLUTION |
| Principal theory of how evolution works | Natural Selection |
| Stereoscopic vision provides | depth perception |
| Primates who live in trees are | Arboreal |
| Adaptation that evolved in connection with human upright walking | Spinal and Pelvic Anatomy |
| A human is born before his/her nervous system has matured, this is traceable to | Skeletal adaptations to bipedalism |
| Species of modern humans | Homo Sapiens |
| Organs are made of | tissues |
| What is composed of two or more tissue types | organ |
| microscopic structures in a cell | organelles |
| List the levels of human structure most complex to the simplest | ORGAN SYSTEM ***ORGAN *** TISSUE *** CELL *** ORGANELLE *** |
| List body structures from simplest to most complex | PROTEIN *** MITOCHONDRION *** ADIPOCYTE (fat cell) *** CONNECTIVE TISSUE *** STOMACH *** |
| Group of similar cells and their intercellular materials in a discrete region of an organ performing a SPECIFIC function. | tissue |
| Taking something apart to see how it works is similar to what style of thinking ******* regarding human physiology | REDUCTIONIST |
| Understanding the human body by studying the interactions of its parts | REDUCTIONISM |
| Not everything about an organism can be understood or predicted from knowledge of its components. The whole is GREATER than the sum of its parts | HOLISM |
| Having 26 ribs rather than the usual 24 is an example of what type of variation among organisms | Anatomical Variation |
| Why does a surgeon need to be familiar with different versions of anatomy | Anatomical Variation |
| Simplest body structures considered ALIVE | cells |
| The sum of all internal chemical change | METABOLISM |
| The change in the size of bone marrow (where blood cells are produced) as an infant matures is an example of | Growth |
| The transformation of blood stem cells into white blood cells is an example of | Differentiation |
| hemoglobin level of 12g/dL is normal for an adult female bot LOW for an adult male. This is an example of | Physiological variation |
| Name aspects that could result in physiological variation | AGE ***** GENDER ***** ENVIROMENT ***** PHYSICAL ACTIVITY |
| Internal conditions remain stable | Homeostasis |
| Three common components of a feedback look | RECEPTOR INTEGRATING (control) CENTER EFFECTOR |
| During exercise, one generates heat and body temp rises. Response is blood vessels dilate in the skin, warm blood flows closer to the surface of the skin, and heat is lost. This is an example of | Negative feedback |
| Blood glucose concentrations rises after a meal and stimulates the pancreas to release the hormone insulin. Insulin travels the body and stimulates the uptake of glucose by body cells in the blood stream thus reducing blood glucose concentration. Example | Negative feedback |
| negative feedback loops are | Homeostatic mechanisms |
| What helps to restore normal function when one of the body's physiological variables gets out of balance | Negative feedback |
| During birth, the babys head pushes against the cervix and stimulates the release of oxytocin. This travels the blood and stimulates the uterus to contract. Contractions become more intense until the baby is expelled. Example of | Positive Feedback |
| What is MOST LIKELY to cause disease | Positive Feedback |
| Difference in chemical concentration, electrical charge, physical pressure, temperature, or other variable between one point and another | Physiological Gradient |
| Chemicals in a solution can move DOWN a concentration gradient | Means the chemical will move from the area of HIGHER concentration to the area of LOWER concentration |
| Examples of Physiological Gradient | THERMAL CONCENTRATION PRESSURE ELECTRICAL |
| Type if gradient causes the movement of ions due to both charge and concentration differences | ELECTROCHEMICAL GRADIENT |
| ANATOMICAL LANGUAGE IS BASED ON. | GREEK AND LATIN |
| Adheres to a lexicon of standard international terms which stipulates both Latin names and English equivalents | ANATOMISTS |
| The term fallopian tube (uterine tube) is an example of | an EPONYM |
| Eponym for Amyotropic Lateral Sclerosis made famous by the "Ice Bucket Challenge" | Lou Gehrig disease |
| The lexicon of standard international anatomical terms | TERMINOLOGIA ANATOMICA (TA) |
| prefix HYPO means | Below |
| prefix HYPER means | Above |
| PET scan is an example of | acronym |
| DNA is an example of | Abbreviation |
| plural is axilla (armpit) is | Axillae |
| Plural of appendix is | Appendices |
| Plural of Villus (hair) is | Villi |
| plural of Diagnosis is | diagnoses |
| The ileum is | part of the small intestine |
| the ilium is | part of the hip bone |
Created by:
Finnie1031
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