Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Miranda
Anatomy week 6-12
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| The muscle fascicle arrangement for Orbicularis oris is best characterized as | circular |
| The Sartorius muscle, a thin straplike muscle would have muscle fascicles arranged in | parallel. |
| In addition to the Pectoralis major, another muscle that displays this pattern of fascicle arrangement is Latissimus dorsi. | convergent |
| Which of the following body systems assists the muscles in maintaining posture? | Digestive, endocrine, and excretory |
| The muscle that raises or lowers the shoulders or shrugs them is the: | trapezius. |
| There are more than 600 muscles in the body | true |
| Groups of skeletal muscle fibers are bound together by a connective tissue envelope called the: | perimysium |
| The origin of a muscle is on the femur, and the insertion is on the tibia. When it contracts, it bends the knee. Its fibers run parallel to the body. Which of the following terms might be part of its name? | Both A and C. Rectus and femoris |
| Nerves that originate from the brain are called _____ nerves. | cranial |
| The efferent pathways of the autonomic nervous system can be divided into the __________ divisions. | parasympathetic and sympathetic |
| Which of these glia cells are located in the peripheral nervous system | Schwann cells |
| What term describes the bundles of nerve fibers within the central nervous system? | tracts |
| The somatic nervous system carries information to the | skeletal muscles |
| This is the site of communication between neurons. | neurons |
| The structural and functional center of the entire nervous system is the _____ nervous system. | central |
| The glia cells that help form the blood-brain barrier are the | astrocytes |
| The ________ of a presynaptic neuron associates with the dendrite of a postsynaptic neuron. | axon terminal |
| Astrocytes attach to: | both neurons and blood vessels |
| Which is true of a reflex arc? | It always consists of an afferent neuron and an efferent neuron. |
| The lymphatic system, like the circulatory system, is a closed circuit. | true |
| Multipolar neurons have | multiple dendrites and one axon |
| Along a neuron, the correct pathway for impulse conduction is: | dendrite, cell body, and axon. |
| Which of the following is the deepest connective tissue layer of a nerve? | Endoneurium |
| The part of the nervous system that transmits impulses from the CNS to the skeletal muscle is the: | somatic nervous system. |
| Interneurons reside in the: | CNS only. |
| In the human nervous system: | there are almost equal numbers of glia cells and neurons. |
| Gray matter in the brain and spinal cord consists primarily of: | cell bodies. |
| Nerves that contain mostly afferent fibers are called _____ nerves. | sensory |
| The inner protective covering of the brain is called the | meninges |
| If you trace the axon inside the sympathetic chain ganglion, the preganglionic fiber branches along which pathway? | synapses with a sympathetic postganglionic neuron;sends ascending or descending branches through the sympathetic trunk to synapse with postganglionic neurons in other chain ganglia; passes through one or more ganglia without synapsing |
| Spinal cord tracts provide conduction paths to and from the brain. The tracts that conduct sensory impulses down the cord from the brain are called _____ tracts. | descending |
| Dendrites and cell bodies of sympathetic preganglionic neurons are located in the | gray matter of the thoracic and upper lumbar segments of the spinal cord. |
| The dorsal root of each spinal nerve is easily recognized as a swelling called the | dorsal root ganglion |
| The ventral rami of most spinal nerves subdivide to form complex networks called | plexuses |
| The three divisions of the brain that make up the brainstem are the | medulla oblongata, midbrain, and pons |
| The large fluid-filled spaces within the brain are called the | ventricles |
| Formation of the cerebrospinal fluid occurs in the | choroid plexus |
| The cranial nerve that arises from the spinal cord is the: | accessory. |
| The peripheral nervous system includes: | only cranial nerves, spinal nerves, and their branches. |
| The pyramids are formed in the: | medulla. |
| The brain has _____ major divisions | six |
| There are _____ ventricles in the brain. | four |
| The areas specializing in language functions are found in the left cerebral hemisphere in: | about 90% of the population. |
| A patient complains of numbness in the skin of the buttocks and the posterior surface of the thigh and leg. The spinal nerve or peripheral branch most likely involved with this condition is the _____ plexus. | coccygeal |
| Which part of the vertebral column has one more pair of nerves coming from it than it has vertebrae? | cervical |
| Beta receptors: | bind norepinephrine |
| Several “vital centers” are located in the: | medulla |
| Cerebrospinal fluid is found in all of the following except the: | subdural space |
| The cervical plexus: | is found deep in the neck ;is formed by the ventral rami of the first four cervical nerves and part of C5; includes the phrenic nerve. |
| Gel-like structure embedded with the tips of cochlear hair cells. | tectorial membrane |
| Which endocrine gland stores enough of its hormone extracellularly to last several months? | the thyroid |
| Membrane attached to the stapes | oval window |
| Bony labyrinth structure containing the utricle and saccule. | vestibule |
| Largest purely endocrine gland in the body. | thyroid gland |
| Which of the following endocrine glands develops primarily from the endoderm of the pharynx? | thyroid and parathyroids |
| Transparent mucous membrane covering the inner surface of the eyelid. | conjunctiva |
| Endocrine gland of the thorax that is also important in immune function. | thymus gland |
| The nerve carrying taste information from the anterior two-thirds of the tongue is the | facial |
| Class of hormones secreted during chronic stress that depress immune function. | glucocorticoids |
| The hypophyseal portal veins are primarily located in the | infundibulum |
| Receptors for hearing are located in the | cochlear duct. |
| Pancreatic cell type that produces insulin. | beta cells |
| Endolymph is made | in the stria vascularis. |
| Hormone that inhibits osteoclast activity in children. | calcitonin |
| Region of the hypophysis that contains secretory endocrine cells derived from the oral ectoderm. | adenohypophysis |
| Melanin-containing layer of the eye's vascular tunic. | choroid |
| The hormone produced by the heart | increases the excretion of sodium in the urine. |
| The basilar membrane supports the | spiral organ. |
| Transparent structure of the eye containing regularly aligned collagen fibers. | cornea |
| Fluid filling the posterior segment of the eye. | vitreous humor |
| Which of the following is not part of the flow of taste sensation along the gustatory pathway to the cerebral cortex? | hypothalamic appetite centers |
| Blood viscosity stems mainly from the red blood cells but also partly from the _____ in blood. | protein molecules present |
| Cardiac output is determined by | stroke volume and heart rate. |
| Inhibition of sympathetic vasoconstrictor impulses is considered a major mechanism of | vasodilation |
| Which are the two baroreceptors that are located near the heart? | aortic baroreceptors and carotid baroreceptors |
| The vagus is said to act as a “brake” on the heart. This situation is called | vagal inhibition |
| Starling’s law of the heart states that, within limits, the longer, or more stretched, the heart fibers are at the beginning of the contraction, the | stronger the contraction. |
| The term used to describe the collection of mechanisms that influence the circulation of blood is: | hemodynamics. |
| The difference between systolic pressure and diastolic pressure is called | pulse pressure. |
| Which types of arteries are also called conducting arteries and include the aorta? | elastic arteries |
| The _____ is(are) supplied with blood from the left subclavian artery. | head and upper extremities |
| The free edges of the atrioventricular valves are anchored to the | papillary muscles |
| The heart has its own special covering, a loose-fitting inextensible sac called the | pericardium |
| The normal cardiac impulse that initiates mechanical contraction of the heart arises in the | SA node |
| Atria are often called _____ because they receive blood from vessels called veins. | receiving chambers |
| A glycoprotein hormone that is secreted to increase oxygen concentration in the tissues is | erythropoietin |
| Renal veins drain blood from the | kidneys |
| In _____, blood moves from veins to other veins or arteries to other arteries without passing through an intervening capillary network. | vascular anastomoses |
| A graphic record of the heart’s electrical activity is a(n) | ECG |
| _____ is used to determine the volume percentage of red blood cells in whole blood. | Hematocrit |
| The heart valves that are located where the trunk of the pulmonary artery joins the right ventricle and where the aorta joins the left ventricle are called | semilunar valves |
| The outermost layer of the larger blood vessels is the tunica | adventitia |
| During fetal circulation, what opening in the septum, between the right and left atria, directs most of the blood so that it bypasses the fetal lungs? | foramen ovale |
| The bulk of the heart wall is the thick, contractile middle layer called the | myocardium |
| The internal iliac artery supplies blood to the | pelvic |
| After blood leaves the lungs and returns to the heart, it enters the | left atrium |
| The structure referred to as the pacemaker of the heart is(are) the: | SA node |
| The term blood type refers to the type of blood cell | antigen |
| Blood flow from the heart through blood vessels to all parts of the body and back to the heart is referred to as _____ circulation. | systemic |
| The molecule that makes up 95% of the dry weight of each red blood cell and is responsible for the red pigment is | hemoglobin |
| Erythrocytes begin their maturation sequence in red bone marrow from nucleated cells known as: | hematopoietic stem cells. |
| The brachiocephalic vein drains blood from the | head, neck, and upper extremity |
| Mechanical devices that permit the flow of blood in one direction only are called | valves |
| From which vessels do myocardial cells receive blood? | coronary arteries |
| The size of lymph nodes varies from _____ mm to more than _____ mm in diameter. | 1; 20 |
| About half of the lymph flowing through the thoracic duct comes from the: | liver and small intestine |
| A type of blood cell produced by lymph nodes is called a(n) | monocyte |
| Which of the following is not a lymph organ? | pancreas |
| The lymphatic system, like the circulatory system, is a closed circuit. | false |
| The type of immune mechanism that provides a general defense by acting against anything recognized as “not self” is called: | nonspecific immunity. |
| Hassall corpuscles are part of the: | thymus |
| The lymph nodes located in the groin are called the: | inguinal lymph nodes. |
| Antibodies are proteins of the family called | immunoglobulins. |
| The spleen is located in the _____ region. | left hypochondriac |
| Each cortical nodule is composed of packed lymphocytes that surround a less dense area called a | germinal center |
| The breast—the mammary gland and surrounding tissue—is drained by the: | lymphatics that originate in and drain the skin over the breast with the exception of the areola and nipple;lymphatics that originate in and drain the substance of the breast itself, as well as the skin of the areola and nipple. |
| Lacteals: | are the lymphatics in the villi of the small intestines.;are able to absorb fat from the digestive system |
| Adaptive immunity, part of the body’s third line of defense, is orchestrated by two different classes of a type of white blood cell called the | lymphocyte. |
| Masses of lymphoid tissue located in a protective ring under the mucous membranes in the mouth and the back of the throat are called | tonsils. |
| Because T cells attack pathogens more directly, T-cell immune mechanisms are classified as _____ immunity. | cell-mediated |
| During their residence in the thymus, pre-T cells develop into _____, cells that proliferate as rapidly as any in the body. | thymocytes |
| Interferon inhibits the spread of: | viruses and cancer |
| Which organ consists largely of cartilages that are attached to one another and to surrounding structures by muscles or fibrous and elastic tissue components? | larynx |
| The surface of the respiratory membrane inside each alveolus is coated with a fluid containing | surfactant |
| During respiration, the thorax | becomes larger when the chest is raised |
| An inflammation of the lower respiratory tract that involves the airways of the lungs is called | pneumonia |
| The microscopic cilia function to | move mucus toward the pharynx. |
| The air-containing spaces that open, or drain, into the nasal cavity are called | paranasal sinuses |
| The roof of the nose is separated from the cranial cavity by a portion of the ethmoid bone called the | cribriform plate |
| The vibrissae function as | filters |
| The trachea, bronchial tree, and lungs make up the | lower respiratory tract |
| The trachea divides at its lower end into two | primary bronchi. |
| The small leaf-shaped cartilage that projects upward behind the tongue and hyoid bone is the | epiglottis. |
| The _____ of each lung lies against the ribs and is rounded to match the contours of the thoracic cavity | costal surface |
| A common condition characterized by acute inflammation of the tracheobronchial tree is | acute bronchitis |
| Gas exchange occurs only in the | alveoli |
| If you were to trace the movement of air through the nose into the pharynx, it would pass through the following structures in which order? | anterior nares, vestibule, meatus, and posterior nares |
| All of the following are true regarding the structure of Surfactant except: | produced in the main stem bronchus |
| In the right lung, the superior and middle lobes are separated by the: | horizontal fissure. |
| The external openings to the nasal cavities can be referred to as: | nostrils; anterior nares; external nares |
| The smallest branches of the bronchial tree are: | bronchioles |
| Which of the following is not an accessory structure of the respiratory system? | trachea |
| The total number of lobes in both lungs is: | 5 |
| The lower border of the cavity of the larynx is formed by the: | cricoid cartilage |
| The structure in the neck known as the “Adam’s apple” is the: | thyroid cartilage. |
| The anatomical division of the pharynx that is located behind the mouth from the soft palate above to the level of the hyoid bone below is called the: | oropharynx |
| Which of the following is true of the cribriform plate? | It separates the nasal and cranial cavities |
| The structures that deflect air as it passes through the nose are called: | conchae |
| The largest of the paranasal sinuses is the: | maxillary |
| The respiratory portion of the nasal passage is lined with a mucous membrane made up of _____ epithelium. | pseudostratified columnar |
| Olfactory epithelium is found: | covering the superior turbinate. |
| The eustachian tube connects the middle ear with the: | nasopharynx |
| The fauces, one of the seven openings found in the pharynx, opens into the: | oropharynx |
| The hollow nasal cavity is separated by a midline partition called the: | septum |
| The approximate length of the trachea, or windpipe, is _____ cm. | 11 |
| Which of the following lists the correct sequence of air as it passes through the nose into the pharynx? | Anterior nares vestibule inferior, middle, and superior meatus posterior nares |
| Anatomically, how does the right bronchus differ from the left bronchus, and what effect might this have on the aspiration of objects? | The right bronchus is slightly larger and more vertical than the left. This anatomical fact helps explain why aspirated foreign objects frequently lodge in the right bronchus. |
| Paranasal sinuses are normally filled with: | air |
| The more common name for the pharynx is the: | throat |
| Which of the following is true of the intrinsic muscles of the larynx? | They serve in voice production. |
Created by:
mirandat90
Popular Anatomy sets