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Muscle Contraction

Anatomy & Physiology

Muscle Contraction begins in the.. brain
The brain sends the message to contract to a motor neuron
From the motor neuron the message to contract goes toward skeletal muscle cells, but there is a ____. The neuron does not touch ________ ________. gap, muscle cells
the "gap"s name is... Neuromuscular junction
The Anatomy of the message Neuron (electric) - Axon - Axon terminals - Synaptic (Axon) end bulbs - Synaptic vesicles
The Anatomy of the message Neuromuscular junction (chemical) - Neurotransmitter & Breakdown - Acetylcholine - Acetylcholinesterase
The Anatomy of the message Muscle Fiber (electric)
Muscle Cell Structures Involved - Mitochondria-makes ATP - Sarcolemma- plasma membrane - Transverse tubules-extensions of sarcolemma - Sarcoplasm-cytoplasm of muscle fiber - Sarcoplasmic reticulum-houses calcium - Myofibril- contractile organelle found only in muscle cells
Myofibril - Sarcomere - Thin-actin, troponin, tropomyosin - Thick-myosin
Action Potential (AP) “message” 1. Once the ACh docks on the receptors on the muscle fiber, it causes an influx of sodium which makes the message “It’s electric” along the sarcolemma
Action Potential (AP) “message” 2. The AP travels along the sarcolemma and down the transverse tubules…close to the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR), thus causing the SR to release calcium into the sarcoplasm
Action Potential (AP) “message” 3. The calcium moves to the troponin/tropomyosin complex of the thin filament
AP to contraction 1. When the calcium lands on the troponin, the tropomyosin shifts allowing a docking station for the myosin heads
AP to contraction 2. ATPase and magnesium split ATP into ADP + “P” allowing the myosin heads to dock “cross link”
AP to contraction 3. The “P” hops off causing the “Power stroke” and the myosin heads pull the actin causing a shortening of the sarcomere, thus causing contraction
AP to contraction 4. Another ATP will land on the myosin head and the myosin head will release
Actin/Myosin Cross-linking & Biochemistry Actin/Myosin - Cross-linking
Relaxation Acetylcholinesterase - Without acetylcholine, there is no contraction Calcium - Calcium returns to sarcoplasmic reticulum from the sarcoplasm
Created by: user-1815264
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