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AP- Respiratory
Anatomy And Physiology Respiratory System
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Respiratory System | The system in the body responsible for the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the body and the environment. |
| Upper Respiratory Tract | Includes the nose, nasal cavity, sinuses, and pharynx, involved in the intake and initial filtering of air. |
| Lower Respiratory Tract | Includes the larynx, trachea, bronchi, and lungs, involved in the conduction of air to the sites of gas exchange. |
| Inhalation | The act of taking air into the lungs, facilitated by the diaphragm's contraction which expands the thoracic cavity. |
| Exhalation | The act of releasing air from the lungs, facilitated by the relaxation of the diaphragm and elastic recoil of lungs. |
| External Respiration | The exchange of gases between the atmosphere and the blood through the alveoli. |
| Internal Respiration | The exchange of gases between the blood and the body cells. |
| Nasal Cavity | The space behind the nose, where air is warmed and humidified; mucus traps dust, germs, and other particles. |
| Pharynx | The muscular tube that serves as a passageway for air and food, part of both the digestive and respiratory systems. |
| Larynx | The voice box, located in the throat, houses the vocal cords, and is responsible for voice production. |
| Trachea | The windpipe, a large membranous tube reinforced by rings of cartilage, extending from the larynx to the bronchial tubes. |
| Bronchi | The main passageways directly attached to the lungs that branch into smaller bronchioles which branch into even smaller tubes. |
| Lungs | The main organs of the respiratory system, responsible for the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide. |
| Alveoli | Tiny sacs within our lungs that allow oxygen and carbon dioxide to move between the lungs and bloodstream. |
| Diaphragm | A large, dome-shaped muscle located below the lungs that contracts and flattens to allow inhalation. |
| Respiratory Rate | The number of breaths taken per minute. |
| Mucus | A sticky, thick fluid secreted by the mucus membranes and glands, trapping dust, microbes, and other particles in the air. |
| Sinuses | Air-filled spaces in the skull that open into the nasal cavity. |
| Oropharynx | The middle part of the pharynx, behind the mouth. |
| Laryngopharynx | The lower part of the pharynx just below the oropharynx opening into the larynx and esophagus. |
| Vocal Cords | Folds of tissue in the larynx that are key in creating sounds through vocalization. |
| Bronchioles | Smaller branches of the bronchi that lead to the alveoli where the exchange of gases occurs. |
| Pleura | A membrane surrounding each lung and lining the chest cavity to reduce friction between these surfaces during respiration. |
| Hypoxia | A condition in which the body or a region of the body is deprived of adequate oxygen supply at the tissue level. |
| Spirometer | An instrument used to measure the volume of air inhaled and exhaled by the lungs. |
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wmtc101
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