click below
click below
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Nervous System 52-63
Bones | cranium protects the brain and vertebral column protects spinal cord |
Membranes called... | meninges |
Dura mater (tough mother) | outermost layer is the toughest membrane-plastic-like |
Arachnoid mater | middle layer that is so named because of the way it looks (spider web looking layer when you pull the dura mater) |
Pia mater | innermost layer that fits very tightly to brain or spinal cord (blood vessels are in this layer) |
Meningitis | is an inflammation of the meninges usually caused by bacteria, but may be caused by viral or fungal infections |
Cerebrospinal fluid | fills spaces or cavities around brain/spinal cord. It protects from trauma and removes toxins made by the brain/spinal cord |
Cerebrovascular accident (CVA) or stroke occurs when... | blood circulation to brain is blocked by a blood clot or a rupture of a blood vessel. The result is brain tissue death. |
hemiplegia | paralysis of one side of body |
motor aphasia | loss of ability to speak |
sensory aphasia | loss of ability to understand speech |
Epilepsy | Characterized by seizures brought on by an abnormal neuron firings in the brain. Kind of like an electrical storm. |
seizures | - can last seconds, a few minutes, or non-stop without intervention. The symptoms of a seizure can vary |
tonic-clonic seizure may... | cry out, lose consciousness and fall to the ground, and convulse, often violently |
a complex partial seizure may... | appear confused or dazed and will not be able to respond to questions or direction |
absence seizure is... | rapid blinking or a few seconds of staring into space |
Is there a cure? | Treatments can be medication and/or surgery (as severe as removing an entire hemisphere of the brain |
What to do: | 1) Clear the area. 2) Time the seizure! 3) STAY WITH THEM! 4)Call 911 if it lasts more than a few minutes…unless you know otherwise |
Dementias: Alzheimer disease | the brain degenerates. This Affects memory, attention span, intellectual capacity, personality, and motor control |
Your frontal lobe matures around age _____ until then you will use your amygdala to make decisions! | 24 |
Amygdala | - Teens process information with the amygdala, the emotional part of the brain, while adults think with the prefrontal cortex, the rational part |
amygdala is associated with ... | emotions, impulses, aggression, and instinctive behavior, while the prefrontal cortex is the reasoning center of the brain |