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Chapter 5
Anatomy
Question | Answer |
---|---|
achalasia | failure of lower esophagus sphincter |
anal fistula | abnormal tube-like passageway near the anus |
anorexia | lack of appetite |
ascites | abnormal accumulation of fluid in the abdomen |
borborygmus | gas |
cholelithiasis | gallstones in the gallbladder |
cirrhosis | chronic disease of the liver |
colonic polyps | polyps (benign growths) of the colon |
colorectal cancert | adenocarcinoma of the colon/rectum |
constipation | difficulty pasing stool |
crohn disease | chronic inflammation of the intestinal tract |
diarrhea | loose watery stool |
diverticulosis | pouch-like herniations in the intestinal wall |
dysentery | painful, inflamed intestines caused by bacterial infection |
dysphagia | difficulty swalling |
eructation | belching |
esophageal cancer | malignant tumor of the esophagus |
esophageal varices | swollen, varicose veins at the lower end of the esophagus |
flatus | gas out the anus |
gallbaldder | the organ that stores bile |
gastric cancer | malignant tumor of the stomach |
gastroesophageal reflux | heartburn,fluids return to mouth from stomach |
hematochezia | bright red blood fromt he rectum |
hemorrhoids | swollen, twisted, varicose veins in the rectal region |
hernia | protrusion of an organ |
ileus | loss of peristalsis with resulting obstruction of the intestines |
intussusception | telescoping of the intestines |
irritable bowel syndrome | gastrointestinal symptoms associated with stress and tension |
jaundice | yellow-orange color of skin & eyes |
liver | produces bile |
melena | black stool containing old blood |
nausea | sickness in stomach tendency to vomit |
pancreas | endocrine gland releases insulin into the blood and exocrine gland releases digestive enzymes |
pancreatic cancer | malignant tumor of the pancreas |
pancreatitis | inflammation of the pancreas |
peptic ulcer | open sore in lining of the stomach |
peristalsis | rhythmic muscular contractions that squeeze food through the esophagus into the stomach |
sphincter | ring of muscle |
steatorrhea | fat in stook, frothy, foul-smell |
ulcerative colitis | chronic inflammation of the colon wth presence of ulcers |
viral hepatitis | inflammation of the liver caused by a virus |
volvulus | twisting of the intestine |