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ANAT 711 H&N misc.
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| boundaries: trapezius m. (posterior), clavicle (inferior), sternocleidomastoid m. (anterior) | posterior triangle |
| subdivisions of posterior triangle | occipital triangle and subclavian triangle |
| which nerve plexuses is found in the posterior triangle | cervical and brachial plexuses |
| group of nodes that accompany external jugular v., drain into deep nodes, found in big numbers around big veins, carries clear fluid (lymph) | superficial group of cervical lymph system |
| group of nodes that accompany internal jugular v., right side drains into right lymphatic duct, left side drains into thoracic duct | deep group of cervical lymph system |
| drains right side of head, neck, and thorax above diaphragm; located at junction of right internal jugular and right subclavian veins | right lymphatic duct |
| only on left side; drains whole body except right head, neck, and thorax above diaphragm; located at junction of left internal jugular v. and left subclavian v; drains deep nodes; has valves | thoracic duct |
| part of the circulatory system that brings lymph fluid back toward the heart from interstitial compartments and provides an immune function harboring white blood cells | lymphatic system |
| boundaries: mandible (superior), SCM m. (posterior), median plane (midline), and sternum (inferior) | anterior triangle |
| located between hyoid and mandible, named from superior attachment to inferior attachment | suprahyoid region |
| located between hyoid and sternum, named from inferior attachment to superior attachment | infrahyoid region |
| salivary gland, contents empty into the oral cavity via a duct, visceral structure, innervated by facial n. | submandibular gland |
| duct that empties saliva from its gland into oral cavity, pierces buccinator m., passes over masseter m. | parotid duct |
| largest salivary gland in head and neck, located anterior and inferior to ear, pyramidal in shape | parotid gland |
| located above the zygomatic arch; made up of frontal bone, parietal bone, greater wing of sphenoid bone, and squamous part of temporal bone | temporal fossa |
| located below zygomatic arch; made up of zygomatic bone, maxillary bone, lateral pterygoid process of sphenoid bone, temporal bone | infratemporal fossa |
| head, neck, coronoid process, ramus, angle, mandibular foramen, mental foramen, lingula, mylohyoid groove, mylohyoid line, mental spine, temporomandibular joint (TMJ) | mandible features |
| mental n., a., and v. enter mandible through here | mandibular foramen |
| mental n., a., and v. leave mandible through here | mental foramen |
| foramen ovale, foramen spinosum, mandibular foramen, mental foramen | infratemporal fossa passageways |
| V3 passes through here | foramen ovale |
| middle meningeal a. passes through here | foramen spinosum |
| inferior alveolar n. passes through here | mandibular foramen |
| joint reinforced by lateral ligament, most used joint in the body (swallowing, opening, and closing mouth), bilateral synovial articulation, protrusion and retraction of mandible | temporomandibular joint (TMJ) |
| contains head of mandibular condyle which sits in the mandibular (glenoid) fossa | articular capsule |
| unique in that it is composed of fibrocartilaginous tissue anchored anteriorly and posteriorly to temporal bone and mandible | articular disc |
| formed by frontal bone, ethmoid bone, and sphenoid bone; has cribiform plate | anterior cranial fossa |
| formed by sphenoid bone and temporal bone; foramen: optic canal, superior orbital fissure, foramen rotundum, foramen ovale, foramen spinosum, carotid canal | middle cranial fossa |
| formed by occipital bone, petrous part of temporal bone, and sphenoid bone; foramen: internal acoustic meatus, jugular foramen, hypoglossal canal, foramen magnum | posterior cranial fossa |
| makes up falx cerebri and tentorum cerebelli | dura mater |
| middle layer, lies over subarachnoid space | arachnoid mater |
| attached directly to gray mater of brain | pia mater |
| sickle-shaped sheet of dura that forms a partition between 2 hemispheres of brain, venous structures found within | falx cerebri |
| fold of dura that separates cerebral hemisphere from cerebellum, forms roof over posterior cranial fossa, attached to petrous portion of temporal bone | tentorum cerebelli |
| clear, colorless fluid containing small amounts of glucose, protein potassium, and sodium chloride; located in subarachnoid space; reabsorbed into venous system through arachnoid granulations and into superior sagittal sinus | cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) |
| how many people do strokes affect in the US | 80,000 people |
| crease in skin between upper part of eyelid and bony orbital margin | palpebral fold |
| space between upper and lower lids | palpebral fissure |
| a.k.a. cilia, has associated sebaceous and sweat glands | eyelashes |
| small conical elevations medially, orbital region | lacrimal papilla |
| small opening that drains lacrimal fluid from palpebral fissure, located on medial margins of eyelids, serves as an opening for lacrimal canaliculi | lacrimal punctum |
| located in upper lateral region of anterior orbit, 2 major parts, secretes fluid through small ductules, produces an aqueous solution of tear film which prevents drying and removes debris | lacrimal gland |
| small canals that join lacrimal sac | lacrimal canaliculi |
| lies behind medial palpebral ligament, receives lacrimal fluid from lacrimal canaliculi | lacrimal sac |
| passes inferior from lacrimal sac and terminates by opening into nasal cavity | nasolacrimal duct |
| ducts that go from gland to upper eye lid | excretory ducts of lacrimal gland |
| made up of frontal, sphenoid, zygomatic, maxillary, lacrimal, and ethmoid bones; foramina: superior orbital fissure, inferior orbital fissure, optic canal | bony orbit |
| cone-shaped passageway from oral and nasal cavities in head to esophagus; has some digestive functions; has some respiratory functions; 3 main parts | pharynx |
| function of pharynx, air flows through nasopharynx and oropharynx to larynx | respiratory function |
| function of pharynx, food passes from oral cavity into oropharynx and down to laryngopharynx | digestive function |
| establishes spatial continuity with tympanic cavity (middle ear) | eustachian (auditory) tube |
| structure superior to nasopharynx | pharyngeal tonsil |
| tufts/collections of lymphatic tissue, body's 1st line of defense against ingested/inhaled pathogens | tonsils |
| structure that attaches to tongue, formed by a muscle | palatoglossal arch |
| tonsil inferior to soft palate | palatine tonsil |
| structure that attaches to wall of pharynx | palatopharyngeal arch |
| tonsil on the posterior surface of the tongue | lingual tonsil |
| space that is anterior to the epiglottis | vallecula |
| lateral wall of this part of the pharynx has the opening of the eustachian tube and posterior wall is covered with lymphoid tissue that forms the pharyngeal tonsil/adenoids | nasopharynx |
| part of the pharynx that contains the vallecula, lingual tonsils, and palatine tonsils | oropharynx |
| which tonsils are enclosed by tonsillar pillars/arches | palatine tonsils |
| anterior pillar is formed by ____ m. and posterior pillar is formed by ____ m. | palatoglossus and palatopharyngeus |
| part of pharynx, contains the piriform recess | laryngopharynx |
| resides laterally and is a common location for food entrapment or foreign body entrapment, posterior to epiglottis | piriform recess |
| basic functions are phonation (voice production), respiration, and swallowing | larynx |
| thyroid, cricoid, arytenoid, epiglottis, corniculate | cartilages of larynx |
| cartilage that protects larynx, laryngeal prominence is the anterior union of the 2 laminae, posteriorly there is a superior horn and inferior horn extension | thyroid cartilage |
| only structure of larynx that forms a complete ring around the airway, forms foundation of larynx | cricoid cartilage |
| cartilage that is roughly pyramid-shaped and paired, anterior is a vocal process (attachment for vocal ligament), mobile, lateral is muscular process | arytenoid cartilages |
| structure that is attached inferiorly to thyroid cartilage | epiglottis |
| cartilage superior to arytenoid cartilage, paired | corniculate cartilages |
| found between cricoid and arytenoid cartilages, synovial joint that allows for rotation and gliding of arytenoid cartilages | cricoarytenoid joints |
| membrane connecting thyroid cartilage to hyoid bone, has holes that neurovasculature travels through | thyrohyoid membrane |
| ligament that extends from thyroid cartilage to vocal process of arytenoid cartilages; directly involved with breathing, voice production, and respiratory protection | vocal ligament |
| membrane between arytenoid cartilage and epiglottis, located in upper half of larynx, elastic sheets that bridge the gap between the lateral walls of cartilages, inferior limit is the weak vestibular ligament | quadrangular membrane |
| weak vestibular ligament supports what | vestibular fold |
| membrane located in lower half of larynx between cricoid cartilage and vocal ligament, inferior to vocal ligament | conus elasticus |
| space between true vocal cords, visible when open | glottis |
| space on the epiglottis | vestibule |
| space between true and false vocal cords | ventricle |
| space below the true vocal cords | infraglottic space |
| where true vocal cords meet | rima glottidis |
| respiration, olfaction, phonation | major functions of nasal cavity |
| bounds paranasal sinuses and drains them | lateral nasal wall |
| independent bone that is covered with think mucous membrane, only nasolacrimal duct typically empties here | inferior turbinate and meatus |
| part of ethmoid bone; frontal and ethmoid sinuses drain into this; landmarks: uncinate process, ethmoid bulla, semilunar hiatus, ostia | middle turbinate and meatus |
| medial wall, acts as a gutter, secretions from air cells go here | uncinate process |
| rounded projection of lateral wall, ethmoid air cells are just lateral | ethmoid bulla |
| space between bulla and uncinate process | semilunar hiatus |
| small openings which are passageways that drain the paranasal sinuses into the nasal cavity | ostia |
| part of ethmoid bone, includes olfactory epithelium | superior turbinate and meatus |
| drained by frontonasal duct into middle turbinate, 2 | frontal sinus |
| ethmoidal air cells drain primarily through ostia under middle turbinate, many | ethmoid sinus |
| drain through ostia in sphenoethmoidal recess above superior turbinate, 2 | sphenoid sinus |
| drains up under the middle turbinate, 2, orbital cavity above and oral cavity below | maxillary sinus |
| more anterior, formed by 2 maxillary bones and 2 palatine bones, incisive fossa resides anterior and is formed by the maxillary bones, greater and lesser palatine foramina reside posterior in right and left palatine bones | hard palate |
| fibromuscular shelf projecting posterior and inferior from the posterior edge of the hard palate, mobile | soft palate |
| extends posteriorly and raises the uvula | musculus uvula |
| muscular hydrostat that assists in mastication, taste, swallowing, and speech; consists of root, body, and tip; dorsum side contains papillae (taste) | tongue |
| divided into upper and lower jaws and their dental arcades: 2 incisors, 1 canine, 2 premolars, and 3 molars on each side | teeth |
| lies in the floor of the mouth, has 6-12 ductules that emerge from it and directly drain secretory contents into the oral cavity innervation: this and submandibular gland are innervated by facial n. | sublingual gland |
| what duct does the lingual n. cross | submandibular duct |
Created by:
emma.scarmon-coyotes
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