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catherine crisafulli
Anatomy Weeks 1 - 5
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the two main chemical components of bone matrix? | Inorganic Salts: Calcium and phosphate (hydroxyapatite crystals) Organic Material: Ground substance comprised of collagenous fibers and a mixture of protein and polysaccharides |
| What are Volkmann Canals? | Communicating canals containing nerves and vessels. They carry blood and lymph from the exterior surface of the bone to the osteons. |
| What are the three most important types of subatomic particles? | Protons (positive charge) Neutrons (neutral charge) Electrons (negative charge) |
| What type of bond attracts one molecule to another? | Chemical bonds: Ionic bonds and covalent bonds. Hydrogen bonds: Weaker bonds that require less energy to break. |
| What are four major groups of organic substances that are very important to the human body? | Carbohydrates Lipids Proteins Nucleic acids and related molecules |
| What is a phospholipid and why is it important? | A phospholipid is a type of lipid molecule that contains a hydrophilic "head" with a phosphate group and two hydrophobic "tails" made up of fatty acids. They form stable cell membranes which protect our cell's internal enviornment from the outside env |
| What part of the cell performs protein synthesis? | Ribosomes: Small organelles found in the cytoplasm of a cell. Their primary function is to translate the genetic code carried by messenger RNA (mRNA) into a sequence of amino acids, which then fold to form proteins. |
| What are the classifications of epithelial tissue? | Squamous: Flattened, scale-like cells. Cuboidal: Cube-shaped cells. Columnar: Tall, rectangular cells. Organization of cells can take three forms: Simple: Single layer. Stratified: Multiple layers. Pseudostratified - Looks like multiple layers bu |
| What types of glands are present in the body? | Exocrine glands: Discharge their secretion products into ducts. Endocrine glands: Discharge their secretion products (hormones) directly into blood. |
| What are the layers of the skin? | Epidermis Dermis Hypodermis |
| What are the types of bones? | Sesamoid, i.e. patella Long, i.e. femur Short, i.e. carpal bones in wrist Flat, i.e. skull Irregular, i.e. vertebrae |
| What is an atomic number? | The number of protons in a nucleus. The atomic number always equals the number of electrons (in a nonionized atom). All atoms that have the same number of protons are atoms of the same element. |
| What is atomic mass? | The masses of protons, neutrons, and electrons in an atom added together. |
| Name the types of cell extensions? | Microvilli: Finger-like projections found in intestines. Cilia: Hair-like projections found in the respiratory tract. Flagella: Tail-like projections that propel sperm. |
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ccrisafulli
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