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Alexander Nicodemus

Human Anatomy

QuestionAnswer
What is anatomy? Study of the structure of the body
What is physiology? Study of the function of the body
Name the levels of organization of the body. Cellular, tissue, organ, system, organism
What is the primary function of the circulatory system? Transportation of nutrients, gases, and wastes
What is the primary function of the respiratory system? Gas exchange between external environment and body
What is the primary function of the digestive system? Breakdown and absorption of nutrients
What is the primary function of the skeletal system? Support and protection of organs and tissues
What is the primary function of the muscular system? Movement and support of the body
What is the primary function of the nervous system? Communication and coordination within the body
What is the anatomical position? Standing upright with arms at the sides and palms facing forward
What are the three major body planes? Sagittal, transverse, and frontal/coronal
What is the meaning of "superior"? Toward the head
What is the meaning of "lateral"? Away from the midline
What is the meaning of "anterior"? Toward the front of the body
What is the meaning of "medial"? Toward the midline
What is the meaning of "posterior"? Toward the back of the body
What is the meaning of "proximal"? Closer to the point of attachment or origin
What is the meaning of "distal"? Farther from the point of attachment or origin
Why is an understanding of basic chemistry important in the study of life processes? All living things are made up of chemicals
What is an element? A pure substance made of only one type of atom
What is a compound? A substance made up of two or more different elements chemically combined
What is an atom? The basic unit of matter
What are the three subatomic particles found in an atom? Protons, neutrons, and electrons
What are molecules? Two or more atoms chemically bonded together
What is metabolism? The sum total of all chemical reactions in the body
What is catabolism? The breakdown of complex molecules into simpler ones
What is anabolism? The building up of complex molecules from simpler ones
What is the molecular structure of cell membranes? Phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins
Name three types of organelles found in a cell. Mitochondria, ribosomes, and endoplasmic reticulum
Name three types of direct cell connections. Tight junctions, desmosomes, and gap junctions
What is the function of the nucleus? Contains and protects genetic material
What is the cytoskeleton? A network of protein filaments that provides cell structure and movement
What is an endocrine gland? Secretes hormones into the blood
What is an exocrine gland? Secretes substances through a duct to the surface of the body or into a cavity
Name three types of epithelia cells of the body. Squamous, cuboidal, and columnar
What is the cutaneous membrane? Skin, composed of epithelium and connective tissue
What are the four types of bones? Long, short, flat, and irregular
What are the primary subdivisions of the skeleton? Axial and appendicular
What are the bony components of the shoulder girdle? Scapula and clavicle
What are the bony components of the pelvic girdle? Ilium, ischium, and pubis
What are the six major structures of a typical long bone? Epiphysis, diaphysis, periosteum, medullary cavity, articular cartilage, and epiphyseal plate
What is the difference between the bones of the skull and those of the face? The bones of the skull are fused, while those of the face are not
What are the six features used to name a muscle? Location, shape, size, direction of fibers, number of attachments, and action
What is posture? The position of the body and its parts in relation to gravity
Created by: alexandern2917
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