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A&P QUIZ #1
Vocabulary Quiz
| Word | Defintion |
|---|---|
| Cardiology | The study of the heart and its diseases. |
| Cytology | The study of the structure, function, and diseases of cells. |
| Dermatology | The study of the skin and its diseases. |
| Epidemiology | The study of the factors determining the distribution and frequency of the occurence of health-related conditions within a defined human population. |
| Geriatrics | Branch of medicine dealing with elderly persons and their medical problems. |
| Gerontology | The study of the process of aging and the various problems of elderly persons. |
| Histology | The study of the structure and function of tissues. |
| Neonatology | The study of newborn infants and the treatment of their disorders. |
| Obstetrics | Branch of medicine dealing with pregnancy and childbirth. |
| Pharmacology | The study of drugs and their uses in the treatment of diseases. |
| Psychiatry | Branch of medicine dealing with the mind and its disorders. |
| Toxicology | The study of poisonous substances and their effects on body parts. |
| Acidosis | A condition of too many hydrogen ions (i.e. pH below 7.35) in the blood. |
| Alkalosis | A condition of to few hydrogen ions (i.e. pH above 7.45) in the blood. |
| Ionizing Radiation | Radiation that causes atoms to ionize, e.g. radioisotopes and X-rays. |
| Ketosis | A form of acidosis resulting from excessive ketones in the blood due to an incomplete breakdown of lipids. Often occurs during starvation and acute attacks of diabetes mellitus. |
| Anaplasia | The alteration of cells to a more embryonic (undifferentiated) form, often seen in cancer cells. |
| Dialysis | The process of separating smaller solute molecules from larger ones in a solution by means of diffusion through a selectively permeable membrane. This process is used in artificial kidneys to cleanse the blood of metabolic watses. |
| Dysplasia | Abnormal development of tissue. |
| Hypertrophy | An increase in the size of an organ or muscle due to an increase in the size of the cells. This is the normal response of muscles to weightlifting. |
| Hyperplasia | An increase in the size of a tissue or organ due to an increase in the number of cells. |
| Liposomes | Hollow microscopic sacs formed of phospholipids that can be filled with a variety of drugs. |
| Mutation | A change in the DNA base sequence leading to incorporation of the "incorrect" amino acids in particular positions in the resulting protein. this may (or may not) impair or stop the protein's normal functioning and may cause disease. |
| Necrosis | Death of a cell or group of cells due to injury or disease. |
| Deletion | Chromosomal aberration in which part of a chromosome is lost. |
| Down Syndrome | A.K.A. mongolism, this condition usually reflects the presence of an extra autosome (i.e., trisomy of chromosome 21). Children born with this may have slightly slanted eyes and flatened facial features, a tendancy towards short stature and may be MR. |
| Nondisjunction | An abnormal segregation of chromosomes during meiosis, resulting in gametes receiving two or no copies of a particular chromosome, which upon fertilization can result in monosomy or trisomy of that chromosome. |
| Adrenoleukodystrophy | An inherited disorder in which certain fatty acids accumulate and thereby cause seizures, nervous system degeneration and death in childhood. |
| Albinism | An inherited disorder in which the melanin pigment is not produced in the skin or the hair. |
| Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis | An inherited disorder that causes the progressive weakining of the muscles, beginning in adulthood. |
| Dechenne Muscular Dystrophy | An inherited disorder in which the lack of the dystrophin protein causes the skeletal muscle cells to collapse, thus destroying muscles. |
| Huntington Disease | An inherited disorder which, upon reaching adulthood, is seen as a loss of coordination, having uncontrollable movements and even personality changes. |
| Menkes Disease | An inherited disorder in which the body cells cannot utilize copper and thus causes twisted hair, weak arteries, scurvy, poor growth, and brain degeneration. |
| Polydactyly | An inherited disorder wherein the person has extra digits (i.e., extra fingers or toes). |
| Progeria | An inherited disorder in which the person appears to go through extreme premature aging during childhood. |
| Xeroderma Pigmentosum | An inherited disorder in which a DNA repair mechanism is missing which leads to freckling and a high risk of getting skin cancer. |
Created by:
Fogt1989
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