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Human DV (5)
Question | Answer |
---|---|
What does it mean if your bones ossify? | Cartilage turns into bone. |
What is myelination? | White sheathing that insulates neurons and makes transmission of impulses more efficient. |
True or False: The brain doesn't change in size. | True. |
What is the prefrontal cortex? | Controls impulses. Where you think. |
What are gross motor skills? What are some stages? | Uses larger muscles. -3 y.o.: Shows automacity. -4 y.o.: Can vary rhythm of running. -5 y.o.: More adventurous. |
When does activity level peak? | Between 2 and 3, then declines. |
What are fine motor skills? | Coordination and dexterous use of hand and fingers. -Integrate and coordinate with other motor, perceptual, and verbal behaviors. |
How many hours of activity do kids need per day? What is a serious weight issue the U.S. faces? | 2 hours. -Obesity: U.S. has second highest childhood obesity rate. |
What are other factors, besides obesity, that affect children today? | 1.) Malnutrition: parents stressed; health care substandard. 2.) Accident: leading cause of death, then cancer. 3.) Exposure to secondhand smoke: more in poverty. Causes asthma and wheezing. |
What is the sensorimotor cognitive stage? | Ability to organize and coordinate sensations and perceptions with physical movements and actions. -Ages 0 to 2. Child's thinking involves seeing, hearing, moving, touching, and tasting. |
What are the hallmarks of sensorimotor? | 1.) Object Permanence. 2.) Goal Directed Action. 3.) Physically Undo Action. |
What is the preoperational stage? | Ages 2 to 7. -Ability to manipulate information in your brain. -Represent world with words, images, and drawings. -Form stable concepts and begin to reason. |
What are the 4 hallmarks of the preoperational stage? | CASE 1. Centration: Focus on one thing at a time. Clown teaches class=focus on clown. 2. Animism: Attribute lifelike quality to inanimate object. Fall="bad sidewalk". 3. Symbolic function: Language. Box=car. 4. Egocentric: Only see things they see it. |
What is conservation? | Awareness that altering an object's or a substance's appearance does not change basic properties of beakers. Ex- Ripping a paper in two does not mean there is more paper than there was originally. |
What are ways to help during the preoperational stage? | 1.) Involve with others in social interaction. 2.) Make comparisons. 3.) Use concrete aids and props. 4.) Learn by doing. |
What is Vygotsky's definition of human development? | The result of interactions between people and their social environment. Interactions aren't limited to actual people, but also involve cultural artifacts, mainly language-based (numbers, symbols, words). |
What is development? | Transformation of socially shared activities into internalized processes. |
What is co-constructed development? | Learn things twice, once through social interaction then have to internalize the thought and make it your own. "Private Speech" |
What is the cultural tool kit? | Real and symbolic tools. -Cellphone is physical. -Cross necklace is symbolic. |
What is the zone of proximal development? | Where you can reach with help. -Use scaffolding: external help to go beyond reach. |