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Anatomy-funeral
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Anatomy | Study of the structure of the body |
| physiology | The study of the function of the body |
| What are the 7 levels of structural complexity? | (1) organism (2)organ system (3) organ (4) tissue (5) cell (6) organelle (7) molecule |
| Molecule | group of atoms |
| Organelles | Specialized structures that perform specific metabolic functions within cells |
| Cell | The basic biological until of living organisms |
| Tissue | Group of similar cells that perform a specific function |
| Organ | Two or more tissues specialized to perform a specific function |
| Organ Systems | Two or more organs that work together to perform a specific function |
| Organisms | Everything added up to one |
| What is the anatomical position? | (1) Standing Erect (2) Arms at the sides (3) Palms forward (4) Feet close together |
| Superior | Nearer to or at the top |
| Inferior | Nearer to or at the bottom |
| Anterior | Near or at the front (Ventral) |
| Posterior | Near or at the bottom |
| Medial | Toward the median Line |
| Lateral | Away from the median line |
| Ipsilateral | Same Side |
| Proximal | Near the beginning of; close to the point of attachment |
| Distal | Near the end of; or away from the point of attachment |
| Superficial | At the surface (scrape knee) |
| Deep | Further below the surface |
| Plane | An imaginary flat surface |
| Sagittal Plane | separates left from right |
| Coronal (frontal) Plane | Separates arterior from posterior |
| Transverse Plane | Separates superior from inferior |
| What is essential for life? | Homeostasis |
| What is homeostatsis | Relatively steady internal state |
| homestatsis is maintained through.... | negative feedback mechanisms |
| We need to preserve _________in order stay healthy | Homeostasis |
| Homeostasis alternating stimus condition altered <------ control centre Negative feedback effectors <-------- | |
| What are the three main parts of cell | Plasma Membrane Cytoplasm Nucleus |
| Plasma membrane | (1)cell boundary (2)selectively permeable (3)Regulates movement of substances in to and out of cell |
| Cytoplasm | Region between nucleus and plasma membrane |
| What does cytoplasm consists of | (1)Organelles (2)Cytosol (3)Cytoskeleton |
| Ribsomes | Protein synthesis |
| Smooth ER | steroid synthesis |
| Golgi Apparatus | Packaging secretion; membrane growth |
| Mitochondria | powerhouse |
| Lysosomes | enzyme container |
| Nucleaus | Controls metabolic activity reproduction (contains DNA) |
| Cytoskeleton | Microtublues, microfilaments |
| Transport processes maybe | active or passive |
| Passive transport Processes | (1)No Metabolic energy required (2)substances move along their concentration gradients (3)driven by diffusion pressure |
| Simple Diffusion | Movement of molecules |
| Osmosis | Movement of water molecules through a selectively permable membrane from area of higher water concentration to an area of lower concentration |
| Facilitated Diffusion | Molecules diffuses through membrane only we attached to carrier problem |
| Filtration | Small particles are separated from larger ones by passage through filtering membrane |
| Carrier Molecules | move solute through membranes against concentration gradient |
| Edocytosis | Extracellular substance engulfed by plasa membrane |
| Phagocytosis | Endocytosis of solid particles "cell eating" |
| Pinocytosis | Endocytosis of liquid particles (cell drinking) |
| Exocytosis | Intracellular material expelled by endocytosis in reverse |
| Cell Reproduction | The nucleus controls when and how the cell reproduces either mitosis or meiosis |
| Mitosis | Process by which most body cells reproduce |
| Original Cell | Two daughter cells each identical to the parent cell |
| Meiosis | Occurs only during production of sperm and ova |
| Primary tissue types | (1) Empithelial (2)Connective (3)Muscle (4)Nerve |
| Epithlial tissue | Covering and lining tissue (forming glands, stomach lining) |
| Connective Tissue | Binds other tissues together (the glue that holds everything together). It is made up of blood, bones, cartilage and fat. It also fills in space |
| Muscle Tissue | Shorten to produce movement |
| Nervous System | Conducts impulses |
| Mitosis in tissue types... | Occurs most rapidly in epithelial tissue. In adult connective tissue rate of mitosis varies. In general, adult nervous and muscle tissue does not undergo mitosis varies. in general adult nervous and muscle tissue does not undergo mitosis |
| Functions of epithlial | (1) Protects (2) Synthesizes (3) Secretes (4) Absorbs |
| Characteristics of Epithlial | (1) Cells tightly packed (2) on apical (unattached) surface, one basal surface attached to basement membrane (3)Cells reproduce rapidly (4) not vascularized |
| Squamous Cell shape | Cell height, thickness less than width (flattened cells) |
| Cuboidal Cell Shape | Cell height/thickness roughly equal to width |
| Columar Cell Shape | Cell height greater then width |
| Simple | Cells sitting on basement membranes. The are only one cell thick |
| Stratified | Sitting on other cells (dont touch basement membrane). more than one layer; only the deepest layer attached to the basement membrane. |
| Pseudostratified | Every single cell is attached to basement membrane. |
| Simple Squamous Epithelium | Single layer of thin/flat cells, for thin structures such as walls of the capillaries |
| Stratified Squamous Epithlium | Several Cells thick, surface cells flattened. Forms durable surfaces where friction occurs (outer layer of skin ie. Lining of mouth and vagina |
| Simple cuboidal epithelium | single layer of cubodal cells. forms walls of many glands and ducts. |
| Simple columnar | Single layer of tall cells, line stomach, intestines and digestive glands |
| Pseudostratified Ciliated Columnar | Cells are taller than wide, all cells lie on basement membrane but not all reach the surface, cilia helps move materials, forms lining of respiratory passages. |
Created by:
brianneforbes
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