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M: What does ABCD mean in reference to the skin?
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EPI: The outermost layer of the epidermis is...
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Anatomy
Skin
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| M: What does ABCD mean in reference to the skin? | Asymmetry; Border; Color; Diameter |
| EPI: The outermost layer of the epidermis is... | Stratum Corneum |
| AS: What is the importance of accessory structures in a third degree burn? | It provides protection and the skin grows faster from the inside out. |
| EPI: This layer of the epidermis is seen only in thick skin. | Stratum Lucidum |
| SC: Differences in skin color are due primarily to... | The amount of melanin produced; we all have the same amount of melanocytes but not melanin |
| AS: Sebaceous glands produce... | Oil a.k.a Sebum |
| D: What are three things found in the dermis? | Nerves, Sweat glands, hair follicles, muscles, dermis, epidermis, subcutaneous, blood vessels |
| D: This is a part of the dermis that creates fingerprints... | Dermal papillae |
| SC: ____ is a bluish cast of the skin due to a lack of oxygen in the blood. | Cyanosis |
| M: What type of cancer grows rapidly, metastasizes, and is the worst kind of cancer to have? | Melanoma |
| EPI: The layer of skin from which new epidermal cells come from? | Stratum Basale |
| SC: The most common skin cancers are... | Basale Cell Carcinomas |
| D: The blood vessels that nourish the hair follicles are located where? | Hair Papillae |
| AS: The main function of an eccrine sweat gland is to... | Regulate body temperature |
| M: The waterproofing protein found in epidermal cells is called... | Keratin |
| M: Which is most superficial: a. basal b. lucidum c. hypodermis d. corneum | Corneum |
| EPI: This is the deepest layer of the epidermis where cell growth and division happens. | Stratum Basale |
| SC: The pinkish red color of lighter colored people caused by something in the blood is caused by what? | Hemoglobin |
| D: Sebaceous glands usually secrete their product where? | Into and around the hair follicle. |
| AS: What is the more common type of sweat gland? | Eccrine |
| D: What type of tissue is the dermis made up of? | Connective Tissue |
| EPI: Nourishment to the cells and epidermis are provided by: a. b.v. s.b b. keratinocytes c. papillae | Papillae |
| M: The epidermis is made up of what kind of tissue? | Stratified Squamous Epithelial |
| AS: Contraction of a smooth muscle of what causes the hair follicle to be pulled. | Erector Pilli |
| Absorption of UV rays is primarily the cause of the production of what? | Melanin |
| Why a 2nd degree burn hurts more than a 3rd. Burnt on back of head and torso, both sides of both legs: percentage burned? | Nerves are burnt; 58.5% |
| What are the three layers of the skin? | Epidermis, Dermis, and Subcutaneous |
| What are the functions of the skin? | Helps maintain homeostasis, protection, retards water loss by diffusion, regulates body temperature |
| From superficial to deep, what are the five layers of the epidermis? | Stratum Corneum, Stratum Lucidum, Stratum Granulosum, Stratum Spinosum, Stratum Basale |
| What forms with frequent pressure? | Calluses and corns |
| Where do the melanocytes reside? | Stratum Basale |
| This layer of the epidermis is only present in the palms of the hands and soles of the feet. | Stratum Lucidum |
| What 2 things cause the cells of the epidermis to die? | The lack of nourishment as cells are pushed further from the the deeper layers of the skin; keratinization |
| What is the area of growth in a nail called? | Lunula at the base of the nail plate |
| What are the two types of glands in the skin? | Eccrine and Apocrine |
| How do eccrine and apocrine glands differ? | Eccrine: -most numerous -respond to body temp changes -sweat (forehead, neck, and back) Apocrine: -develop a scent by skin bacteria -become active at puberty |
| What is the function of sebaceous glands? | Keep hair soft, pliable, waterproof |
| Name 2 sweat glands that do not produce sweat. | Ceruminous glands (earwax), Mammary glands (milk) |
| What are 3 ways the body can lose heat? | Physics answer, simple answer?? |
| Why is a hot, humid day dangerous? | UV rays?? |
| What are 3 factors that affect your skin color? | Genetics, amount of melanin produced, amount of time spent in the sun/tanning beds |
| What are the 3 most common types of skin cancer? | Basale Carcinoma, Melanoma, Squamous Cell Carcinoma |
| What are things you should look for when examining your skin? | Your ABCD's |
| Describe what happens when a deep cut heals. | Granulations appear in the open wound, consisting of a new branch of a blood vessel, which is absorbed and leaves a scar. |
| Describe the 3 types of burns. | 1st Degree: -injures only the epidermis -no scarring 2nd Degree: -some epidermis and underlying dermis -blisters 3rd Degree: -destroys epidermis, dermis, and accessory structures -usually healed by skingrafts |
| What is the rule of nines? | Head (both F/B): 9% Upper Extremities (both F/B): 18% Torso (both F/B): 36% Legs (both F/B): 36% Peritoneum: 1% |
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dlnymarie
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